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CLRO > SEC Filings for CLRO > Form 10-Q on 16-Nov-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for CLEARONE COMMUNICATIONS INC


16-Nov-2009

Quarterly Report


Item 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This report on Form 10-Q includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). All statements in this report, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements for purposes of these provisions, including any projections of earnings, revenues or other financial items, any statements of the plans and objectives of management for future operations, any statements concerning proposed new products or services, any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance, and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. All forward-looking statements included in this report are made as of the date hereof and are based on information available to us as of such date. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of terminology such as "may," "will," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "intends," "believes," "estimates," "potential," or "continue," or the negative thereof or other comparable terminology. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements contained herein are reasonable, there can be no assurance that any such expectations or any forward-looking statement will prove to be correct. Our actual results will vary, and may vary materially, from those projected or assumed in the forward-looking statements. Future financial condition and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties, including, without limitation, product recalls and product liability claims; infringement of our technology or assertion that our technology infringes the rights of other parties; termination of supplier relationships, or failure of suppliers to perform; inability to successfully manage growth; delays in obtaining regulatory approvals or the failure to maintain such approvals; concentration of our revenue among a few customers, products or procedures; development of new products and technology that could render our products obsolete; market acceptance of new products; introduction of products in a timely fashion; price and product competition, availability of labor and materials, cost increases, and fluctuations in and obsolescence of inventory; volatility of the market price of our common stock; foreign currency fluctuations; changes in key personnel; work stoppage or transportation risks; and other factors referred to in our press releases and reports filed with the SEC, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009. All subsequent forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. Additional factors that may have a direct bearing on our operating results are discussed in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009.

Business Overview

ClearOne is a communications solutions company that develops and sells audio conferencing systems and related products for audio, video and web conferencing systems and applications. We enjoy the number one position in the global professional audio conferencing market with more than 50% of the global market share. The reliability, flexibility and performance of our comprehensive solutions create a natural communications environment that saves organizations time and money by enabling more effective and efficient communication. We develop, manufacture, market, and service a comprehensive line of high-quality audio conferencing products under personal, tabletop, premium and professional (installed audio) categories. We also manufacture and sell media carts for audio and video conferencing. We have an established history of product innovation and plan to continue to apply our expertise in audio engineering to develop and introduce innovative new products and enhance our existing products. We believe the performance and reliability of our high-quality audio products create a natural communications environment, which saves organizations of all sizes time and money by enabling more effective and efficient communication.

Our products are used by organizations of all sizes to accomplish effective group communication. Our end-users include some of the world's largest and most prestigious companies and institutions, small and medium-sized businesses, educational institutions, and government organizations as well as individual consumers. We sell our products to these end-users primarily through a network of independent distributors who in turn sell our products to dealers, systems integrators, and value-added resellers. We also sell products on a limited basis directly to dealers, systems integrators, value-added resellers, and end-users.

The global economic conditions which adversely affected our performance in the last few quarters have improved, resulting in arresting the downward trend in our revenues. However, aseconomic conditions continue to improve, this will help us to return to the level of revenues and profitability we experienced before this economic downturn.


Analysis of Results of Operations

Results of Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2009 ("Q1 2010")
and 2008 ("Q1 2009")

The following table sets forth certain items from our unaudited condensed
consolidated statements of operations (in thousands) for the three months ended
September 30, 2009 and 2008, together with the percentage of total revenue which
each such item represents:

                                                                (in thousands of dollars)
                                                                                                     Q1 2010 vs. Q1 2009
                                        Q1 2010                           Q1 2009                 Favorable (Unfavorable)
                               Amount        % of Revenue        Amount       % of Revenue         Amount              %
Revenue                      $    7,646               100%     $   11,082              100%     $      (3,436 )       -31.0%
Cost of goods sold                3,692                48%          3,942               36%               250           6.3%
Gross profit                      3,954                52%          7,140               64%            (3,186 )       -44.6%

Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing               1,603                21%          1,977               18%               374          18.9%
Research and development          1,668                22%          1,776               16%               108           6.1%
General and administrative        1,329                17%          1,072               10%              (257 )       -24.0%
Total operating expenses          4,600                60%          4,825               44%               225           4.7%

Revenue

Revenue for Q1 2010 decreased 31%, or approximately $3.4 million, compared to Q1 2009. Our Q1 2010 revenue was negatively affected by the global decline in technology spending, most notably in North America, in addition to increased pricing pressure. Each of our major product categories were negatively impacted during Q1 2010 with the exception of personal conferencing products. Revenue from our professional conferencing products declined by nearly 39% while revenue from personal conferencing products increased by 81%. In the near term, we expect revenue from personal conferencing products to continue to grow while decline in revenue from professional conferencing products will abate.

During Q1 2010 and Q1 2009, the net change in deferred revenue was a net (deferral) recognition of ($595,000) and $938,000 in revenue, respectively. See below "Critical Accounting Policies" under "Revenue and Associated Allowance for Revenue Adjustments and Doubtful Accounts" for a detailed discussion of deferred revenue.

Costs of Goods Sold and Gross Profit

Costs of goods sold include expenses associated with finished goods purchased from contract manufacturers, in addition to other operating expenses which include material and direct labor, our manufacturing and operations organization, property and equipment depreciation, warranty expenses, freight expenses, royalty payments, and the allocation of overhead expenses.

Our gross profit margin (GPM), which is gross profit as a percentage of revenue, was 52% and 64% in Q1 2010 and Q1 2009, respectively. GPM was negatively impacted during Q1 2010 due to the declines in revenue of all major product categories except for the favorable impact due to personal conferencing products of $229,000 and lower vendor specific marketing and rebate costs of $212,000.

Operating Expenses

Q1 2010 operating expenses were about $4.6 million, a decrease of $225,000, or 5%, from $4.8 million in Q1 2009. The following is a more detailed discussion of expenses related to sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative.


Sales and Marketing ("S&M") Expenses. S&M expenses include selling, customer service, and marketing expenses such as employee-related costs, allocations of overhead expenses, trade shows, and other advertising and selling expenses. S&M expenses during Q1 2010 decreased by approximately $374,000, or 19%, to $1.6 million compared to approximately $2.0 million in Q1 2009. As a percentage of revenue, S&M expenses during Q1 2010 and Q1 2009 were 21% and 18%, respectively. The decrease in S&M expenses during Q1 2010 over Q1 2009 was due primarily to decreased sales commissions paid to independent manufacturer sales representatives and lower marketing related expenses and travel expenses.

Research and Development ("R&D") Expenses. R&D expenses include research and development and product line management, including employee-related costs, outside services, expensed materials and depreciation, and an allocation of overhead expenses. R&D expenses decreased $108,000, or 6%, during Q1 2010 compared to Q1 2009. The decrease was due primarily to lower payroll and related expenses and lower services expenses. As a percentage of revenue, S&M expenses during Q1 2010 and Q1 2009 were 22% and 16%, respectively. The Q1 2010 decrease was due primarily to lower payroll and related expenses and lower services expenses.

General and Administrative ("G&A") Expenses. G&A expenses include employee-related costs, professional service fees, allocations of overhead expenses, litigation costs, and corporate administrative costs, including finance, information technology and human resources. G&A expenses during Q1 2010 increased to $1.3 million compared to $1.1 million during Q1 2009. Q1 2010 and 2009 G&A expenses were 17% and 10% of sales, respectively. The increase in Q1 2010 was due primarily to higher legal expenses, partially offset by lower payroll and employee related expenses. We continue to incur high legal expenses due to our litigations to protect our intellectual property and to defend ourselves from indemnification claims made by former officers.

Operating (loss) income

Operating loss during Q1 2010 was $646,000 compared to an operating income of $2.3 million in Q1 2009. The decrease in operating income of approximately $3.0 million was due to lower revenue and associated gross profit during Q1 2010 partially offset by the lower operating expenses discussed above.

Other income, net

Other income, net, includes interest income, interest expense, capital gains, gain (loss) on the disposal of assets, and currency gain (loss).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of September 30, 2009, our cash and cash equivalents were approximately $8.1 million and our marketable securities were approximately $2.1 million, a reduction of $1.7 million compared to cash and cash equivalents of approximately $9.8 million and marketable securities of $2.1 million as of June 30, 2009.

Net cash used in operating activities was $1.3 million in Q1 2010, a decrease of $1.5 million from the net cash provided by operating activities of $263,000 in Q1 2009. The year-over-year decrease can be attributed primarily to the decrease in net income.

Net cash flows used in investing activities were approximately $464,000 in Q1 2010 mostly towards purchase of property, plant and equipment. Net cash flows provided by investing activities were approximately $4.9 million in Q1 2009 with $5.2 million attributable to sale of marketable securities.

During Q1 2009, approximately $6.8 million were utilized to repurchase 1,342,620 shares of common stock. There were no cashflows related to financing activities during Q1 2010.

We acquired NetStreams (described in detail in Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements) on November 3, 2009 for a cash consideration of approximately $1.95 million and assumed $2 million in debt as part of the acquisition. We expect to invest more in NetStreams to transition, integrate and leverage the opportunities available through this acquisition. This would reduce our liquidity and cash flows in the near future until NetStreams is fully consolidated with our current operations and its full value realized by us.


We currently believe that our present sources of liquidity and capital are adequate for our operating needs within the next eighteen months, as we currently have no known material trends or uncertainties related to cash flow, capital resources or liquidity.

However no assurance can be given that changes will not occur that would consume available capital resources at a rate more rapidly than anticipated and we may need or want to raise additional debt or equity financing to fund our operations within this period of time.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We review the accounting policies used in reporting our financial results on a regular basis. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We evaluate our assumptions and estimates on an ongoing basis and may employ outside experts to assist in our evaluations. We believe that the estimates we use are reasonable; however, actual results could differ from those estimates. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant assumptions and estimates that we used to prepare our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Revenue and Associated Allowances for Revenue Adjustments and Doubtful Accounts

Included in continuing operations is product revenue, primarily from product sales to distributors, dealers, and end-users. Product revenue is recognized when (i) the products are shipped and any right of return expires, (ii) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (iii) the price is fixed and determinable, and (iv) collection is reasonably assured.

We provide a right of return on product sales to major distributors under a product rotation program. Under this seldom used program, a distributor is allowed to return once a quarter products purchased during the prior 180 days for a total value generally not exceeding 15% of the distributor's net purchases during the preceding quarter. The distributor is, however, required to place a new purchase order for an amount not less than the value of products returned under the stock rotation program. When products are returned, the associated revenue, cost of goods sold, inventory and accounts receivable originally recorded are reversed. When the new order is placed, the revenue, associated cost of goods sold, inventory and accounts receivable are recorded and the product revenue is subject to deferral analysis described below. In a small number of cases, the distributors are also permitted to return the products for other business reasons.

Revenue from product sales to distributors is not recognized until the return privilege has expired or it can be determined with reasonable certainty that the return privilege has expired, which approximates when product is sold-through to customers of our distributors (dealers, system integrators, value-added resellers, and end-users) rather than when the product is initially shipped to a distributor. We evaluate, at each quarter-end, the inventory in the channel through information provided by our distributors. The level of inventory in the channel will fluctuate up or down, each quarter, based upon our distributors' individual operations. Accordingly, each quarter-end revenue deferral for revenue and associated cost of goods sold are calculated and recorded based upon the actual channel inventory reported at quarter-end. Further, with respect to distributors and other channel partners not reporting the channel inventory, the revenue and associated cost of goods sold are deferred until we receive payment for the product sales made to such distributors or channel partners.

The accuracy of the deferred revenue and costs depend to a large extent on the accuracy of the inventory reports provided by our distributors and other resellers and any material error in those reports would affect our revenue deferral. However we believe that the controls we have in place including periodic physical inventory verifications and analytical reviews would help us identify and prevent any material errors in such reports.


The amounts of deferred cost of goods sold were included in consigned inventory. The following table details the amount of deferred revenue, cost of goods sold, and gross profit at each quarter end for the 15-month period ended September 30, 2009 (in thousands).

                                       Deferred       Deferred Cost        Deferred
                                       Revenue        of Goods Sold      Gross Profit
   Quarter ended September 30, 2009   $    5,304     $         1,948     $       3,356
   Year ended June 30, 2009
   Fourth Quarter                          4,709               1,843             2,866
   Third Quarter                           4,611               1,692             2,919
   Second Quarter                          5,320               1,914             3,406
   First Quarter                           4,856               1,938             2,918

We offer rebates and market development funds to certain of our distributors, dealers, and end-users based upon volume and type of product purchased by them. We record rebates as a reduction of revenue.

We offer credit terms on the sale of our products to a majority of our customers and perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers' financial condition. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability or unwillingness of our customers to make required payments based upon our historical collection experience and expected collectability of all accounts receivable. Our actual bad debts in future periods may differ from our current estimates and the differences may be material, which may have an adverse impact on our future accounts receivable and cash position.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We assess the impairment of long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and definite-lived intangibles subject to amortization, annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to estimated future undiscounted net cash flows of the related asset or group of assets over their remaining lives. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset. Impairment of long-lived assets is assessed at the lowest levels for which there are identifiable cash flows that are independent of other groups of assets. The impairment of long-lived assets requires judgments and estimates. If circumstances change, such estimates could also change. Assets held for sale are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value, less the estimated costs to sell.

Accounting for Income Taxes

We are subject to income taxes in both the United States and in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions. We estimate our current tax position together with our future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items, such as deferred revenue, depreciation, and other reserves for tax and accounting purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. We must then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income, prior year carryback, or future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences. To the extent we believe that recovery is not more likely than not, we establish a valuation allowance against these deferred tax assets. Significant judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any valuation allowance recorded against our deferred tax assets. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance in a period, we must include and expense the allowance within the tax provision in the consolidated statement of operations.

Lower-of-Cost or Market Adjustments and Reserves for Excess and Obsolete Inventory

We account for our inventory on a first-in, first-out basis, and make appropriate adjustments on a quarterly basis to write-down the value of inventory to the lower-of-cost or market. In addition to the price of the product purchased, the cost of inventory includes our internal manufacturing costs including warehousing, material purchasing, quality and product planning expenses.


We perform a quarterly analysis of obsolete and slow-moving inventory to determine if any inventory needs to be written down. In general, we write-down our excess and obsolete inventory by an amount that is equal to the difference between the cost of the inventory and its estimated market value if market value is less than cost, based upon assumptions about future product life-cycles, product demand, shelf life of the product, inter-changeability of the product and market conditions. Those items that are found to have a supply in excess of our estimated current demand are considered to be slow-moving or obsolete and classified as long-term. An appropriate reserve is made to write-down the value of that inventory to its expected realizable value. These charges are recorded in cost of goods sold. The reserve against slow-moving or obsolete inventory is increased or reduced based on several factors which among other things require us to make an estimate of a product's life-cycle, potential demand and our ability to sell these products at estimated price levels. While we make considerable efforts to calculate reasonable estimates of these variables, actual results may vary. If there were to be a sudden and significant decrease in demand for our products, or if there were a higher incidence of inventory obsolescence because of changing technology and customer requirements, we could be required to increase our inventory allowances, and our gross profit could be adversely affected.

Share-based Compensation

We account for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718. Under the fair value recognition provisions of this statement, we measure share-based compensation cost at the grant date based on the value of the award which is recognized as expense over the requisite service period. Judgment is required in estimating the amount of share-based awards that are expected to be forfeited. If actual results differ significantly from these estimates, share-based compensation expense and our results of operations could be materially impacted.

Seasonality

Our audio conferencing products revenue has historically been strongest during our second and fourth quarters. There can be no assurance that any historic sales patterns will continue and, as a result, sales for any prior quarter are not necessarily indicative of the sales to be expected in any future quarter.

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