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VSAT > SEC Filings for VSAT > Form 10-Q on 10-Nov-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for VIASAT INC


10-Nov-2009

Quarterly Report


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report, including "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," contains forward-looking statements regarding future events and our future results that are subject to the safe harbors created under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industries in which we operate and the beliefs and assumptions of our management. We use words such as "anticipate," "believe," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "goal," "intend," "may," "plan," "project," "seek," "should," "target," "will," "would," variations of such words and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. In addition, statements that refer to projections of earnings, revenue, costs or other financial items; anticipated growth and trends in our business or key markets; future growth and revenues from our products; future economic conditions and performance; anticipated performance of products or services; plans, objectives and strategies for future operations; our pending acquisition of WildBlue Holding, Inc. (WildBlue); and other characterizations of future events or circumstances, are forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that these forward-looking statements are only predictions and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict, including those identified under the heading "Risk Factors" in Item 1A, elsewhere in this report and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Therefore, actual results may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason. Overview
We are a leading provider of advanced satellite and wireless communications and secure networking systems, products and services. We have leveraged our success developing complex satellite communication systems and equipment for the U.S. government and select commercial customers to develop end-to-end satellite network solutions for a wide array of applications and customers. Our product and systems offerings are often linked through common underlying technologies, customer applications and market relationships. We believe that our portfolio of products, combined with our ability to effectively cross-deploy technologies between government and commercial segments and across different geographic markets, provides us a strong foundation to sustain and enhance our leadership in advanced communications and networking technologies. Our customers, including the U.S. government, leading aerospace and defense prime contractors, network integrators and communications service providers, rely on our solutions to meet their complex communications and networking requirements.
We conduct our business through three segments: government systems, commercial networks and satellite services.
Government Systems
Our government systems segment develops and produces network-centric internet protocol (IP)-based secure government communications systems, products and solutions, which are designed to enable the collection and dissemination of secure real-time digital information between command centers, communications nodes and air defense systems. Customers of our government systems segment include tactical armed forces, public safety first-responders and remote government employees.
The primary products and services of our government systems segment include:
• Tactical data links, including Multifunctional Information Distribution System (MIDS) terminals for military fighter jets, and their successor, MIDS Joint Tactical Radio System (MIDS JTRS) terminals (which we expect will be available in 2010), "disposable" weapon data links, portable small tactical terminals and digital video data links for intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and ground systems,

• Information security and assurance products that enable military and government users to communicate information securely over networks, and that secure data stored on computers and storage devices, and

• Government satellite communication systems and products, including an array of portable and fixed broadband modems, terminals, network access control systems and antenna systems using a range of satellite frequency bands.


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Commercial Networks
Our commercial networks segment develops and produces a variety of advanced end-to-end satellite communication systems and ground networking equipment and products that address five key market segments: enterprise, consumer, in-flight, maritime and ground mobile applications. These communication systems, networking equipment and products are generally developed through a combination of customer and discretionary internal research and development funding.
Our satellite communication systems and ground networking equipment and products cater to a wide range of domestic and international commercial customers and include:
• Mobile broadband satellite communication systems and related products, designed for use in aircraft, seagoing vessels and high-speed trains,

• Consumer broadband products and solutions, including next-generation satellite network infrastructure and ground terminals,

• Satellite networking systems design and technology development, including design and technology services covering all aspects of satellite communication system architecture and technology,

• Enterprise Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) networks and products, designed to provide enterprises with broadband access to the internet or private networks, and

• Antenna systems for terrestrial and satellite applications, specializing in small, low-profile, multi-band antennas for mobile satellite communications.

Satellite Services
Our satellite services segment complements our commercial networks segment by providing managed network services for the satellite communication systems of our enterprise and mobile broadband customers.
The primary services offered by our satellite services segment comprise:
• Mobile broadband services, comprising network management services for customers who use our Arclight-based mobile satellite systems, and

• Managed broadband services, comprising a full-service managed broadband service for everyday enterprise networking or backup protection for primary networks.

In order to expand our satellite services offerings, in 2008 we commenced construction of a high-capacity Ka-band spot-beam satellite, ViaSat-1, which is planned for launch in early 2011. Commencing in 2011, we expect this segment to also include wholesale broadband services utilizing ViaSat-1.
Following the consummation of our pending acquisition of WildBlue, the assets and results of operations of WildBlue will be included in our satellite services segment.
Sources of Revenues
To date, our ability to grow and maintain our revenues has depended on our ability to identify and target markets where the customer places a high priority on the technology solution, and our ability to obtain additional sizable contract awards. Due to the nature of this process, it is difficult to predict the probability and timing of obtaining awards in these markets.
Our products are provided primarily through three types of contracts:
fixed-price, time-and-materials and cost-reimbursement contracts. Fixed-price contracts, which require us to provide products and services under a contract at a specified price, comprised approximately 89% and 85% of our revenues for the three months ended October 2, 2009 and October 3, 2008, respectively, and 89% and 86% of our revenues for the six months ended October 2, 2009 and October 3, 2008, respectively. The remainder of our revenue for such periods was derived from cost-reimbursement contracts (under which we are reimbursed for all actual costs incurred in performing the contract to the extent such costs are


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within the contract ceiling and allowable under the terms of the contract, plus a fee or profit) and from time-and-materials contracts (which reimburse us for the number of labor hours expended at an established hourly rate negotiated in the contract, plus the cost of materials utilized in providing such products or services).
Historically, a significant portion of our revenues has been derived from customer contracts that include the research and development of products. The research and development efforts are conducted in direct response to the customer's specific requirements and, accordingly, expenditures related to such efforts are included in cost of sales when incurred and the related funding (which includes a profit component) is included in revenues. Revenues for our funded research and development from our customer contracts were approximately $27.8 million or 17% and $35.5 million or 22% of our total revenues in the three months ended October 2, 2009 and October 3, 2008, respectively. Revenues for our funded research and development from our customer contracts were approximately $58.0 million or 18% and 64.4 million or 21% of our total revenues in the six months ended October 2, 2009 and October 3, 2008, respectively.
We also incur independent research and development expenses, which are not directly funded by a third party. Independent research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and other personnel-related expenses, supplies, prototype materials, testing and certification related to research and development programs. Independent research and development expenses were approximately 4% of revenues during the three months ended October 2, 2009 and October 3, 2008, and 4% and 5% of revenues during the six months ended October 2, 2009 and October 3, 2008, respectively. As a government contractor, we are able to recover a portion of our independent research and development expenses pursuant to our government contracts. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discusses our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We consider the policies discussed below to be critical to an understanding of our financial statements because their application places the most significant demands on management's judgment, with financial reporting results relying on estimation about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. We describe the specific risks for these critical accounting policies in the following paragraphs. For all of these policies, we caution that future events rarely develop exactly as forecast, and even the best estimates routinely require adjustment.
Revenue recognition
A substantial portion of our revenues is derived from long-term contracts requiring development and delivery of complex equipment built to customer specifications. Sales related to these contracts are accounted for under authoritative guidance for the percentage-of-completion method of accounting (the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' (AICPA) Statement of Position 81-1 (SOP 81-1), "Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts," / ASC 605-35). Sales and earnings under these contracts are recorded either based on the ratio of actual costs incurred to date to total estimated costs expected to be incurred related to the contract or as products are shipped under the units-of-delivery method.
The percentage-of-completion method of accounting requires management to estimate the profit margin for each individual contract and to apply that profit margin on a uniform basis as sales are recorded under the contract. The estimation of profit margins requires management to make projections of the total sales to be generated and the total costs that will be incurred under a contract. These projections require management to make numerous assumptions and estimates relating to items such as the complexity of design and related development costs, performance of subcontractors, availability and cost of materials, labor productivity and cost, overhead and capital costs and manufacturing efficiency. These contracts often include purchase options for additional quantities and customer change orders for additional or revised product functionality. Purchase options and change orders are accounted for either as an integral part of the original contract or separately depending upon the nature and value of the item. For contract claims or similar items, we apply judgment in estimating the amounts and assessing the potential for realization. These amounts are only included in contract value when they can be reliably estimated and realization is considered probable. Anticipated losses on contracts are recognized in full in the period in which losses become probable and estimable. During the three months ended October 2, 2009 and October 3, 2008, we recorded losses of approximately $3.7 million and $0.2 million, respectively, related to loss contracts. During the six months ended October 2, 2009 and October 3, 2008, we recorded losses of approximately $5.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively, related to loss contracts.


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Assuming the initial estimates of sales and costs under a contract are accurate, the percentage-of-completion method results in the profit margin being recorded evenly as revenue is recognized under the contract. Changes in these underlying estimates due to revisions in sales and future cost estimates or the exercise of contract options may result in profit margins being recognized unevenly over a contract as such changes are accounted for on a cumulative basis in the period estimates are revised.
We believe we have established appropriate systems and processes to enable us to reasonably estimate future cost on our programs through regular quarterly evaluations of contract costs, scheduling and technical matters by business unit personnel and management. Historically, in the aggregate, we have not experienced significant deviations in actual costs from estimated program costs, and when deviations that result in significant adjustments arise, we would disclose the related impact in Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations. However, these estimates require significant management judgment and a significant change in future cost estimates on one or more programs could have a material effect on our results of operations. A one percent variance in our future cost estimates on open fixed-price contracts as of October 2, 2009 would change our income before income taxes by approximately $0.4 million.
We also have contracts and purchase orders where revenue is recorded on delivery of products in accordance with the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition (Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 (SAB 104), "Revenue Recognition" / ASC 605). In this situation, contracts and customer purchase orders are used to determine the existence of an arrangement. Shipping documents and customer acceptance, when applicable, are used to verify delivery. We assess whether the sales price is fixed or determinable based on the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment, and assess collectability based primarily on the creditworthiness of the customer as determined by credit checks and analysis, as well as the customer's payment history.
When a sale involves multiple elements, such as sales of products that include services, the entire fee from the arrangement is allocated to each respective element based on its relative fair value in accordance with the authoritative guidance for accounting for multiple element revenue arrangements (Emerging Issues Task Force 00-21 (EITF 00-21), "Accounting for Multiple Element Revenue Arrangements" / ASC 605-25), and recognized when the applicable revenue recognition criteria for each element have been met. The amount of product and service revenue recognized is impacted by our judgments as to whether an arrangement includes multiple elements and, if so, whether sufficient objective and reliable evidence of fair value exists for those elements. Changes to the elements in an arrangement and our ability to establish evidence for those elements could affect the timing of revenue recognition.
Accounting for stock-based compensation We grant options to purchase our common stock and award restricted stock units to our employees and directors under our equity compensation plans. Eligible employees can also purchase shares of our common stock at 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the first or the last day of each six-month offering period under our employee stock purchase plan. The benefits provided under these plans are stock-based payments subject to the provisions of the authoritative guidance for share-based payments (revised Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (SFAS 123R), "Share-Based Payment" / ASC 718). Stock-based compensation expense recognized under the authoritative guidance for share-based payments for the three months ended October 2, 2009 and October 3, 2008 was $2.5 million and $2.9 million, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense recognized under the authoritative guidance for share-based payments for the six months ended October 2, 2009 and October 3, 2008 was $5.1 million and $5.0 million, respectively.
Allowance for doubtful accounts
We make estimates of the collectability of our accounts receivable based on historical bad debts, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. Historically, our bad debt allowances have been minimal; a contributing factor to this is that a significant portion of our sales has been to the U.S. government. Our accounts receivable balance was $206.8 million, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.1 million, as of October 2, 2009, and $164.1 million, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.4 million, as of April 3, 2009.
Warranty reserves
We provide limited warranties on our products for periods of up to five years. We record a liability for our warranty obligations when we ship the products or they are included in long-term construction contracts based upon an estimate of expected warranty costs. Amounts expected to be incurred within twelve months are classified as a current liability. For mature products, we estimate the warranty costs based on historical experience with the particular product. For newer products that do not have a history of warranty costs, we base our estimates


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on our experience with the technology involved and the types of failures that may occur. It is possible that our underlying assumptions will not reflect the actual experience, and in that case, we will make future adjustments to the recorded warranty obligation.
Goodwill and other intangible assets
We account for our goodwill under authoritative guidance for goodwill and other intangible assets (SFAS 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" / ASC 350). The guidance (SFAS 142 / ASC 350) for goodwill impairment model is a two-step process. First, it requires a comparison of the book value of net assets to the fair value of the reporting units that have goodwill assigned to them. Reporting units within our government systems and commercial networks segments have goodwill assigned to them. If the fair value is determined to be less than book value, a second step is performed to compute the amount of the impairment. In this process, a fair value for goodwill is estimated, based in part on the fair value of the reporting unit used in the first step, and is compared to its carrying value. The shortfall of the fair value below carrying value, if any, represents the amount of goodwill impairment. We test goodwill for impairment during the fourth quarter every fiscal year and when an event occurs or circumstances change such that it is reasonably possible that an impairment may exist.
We estimate the fair values of the related operations using discounted cash flows and other indicators of fair value. We base the forecast of future cash flows on our best estimate of the future revenues and operating costs, which we derive primarily from existing firm orders, expected future orders, contracts with suppliers, labor agreements and general market conditions. Changes in these forecasts could cause a particular reporting unit to either pass or fail the first step in the guidance (SFAS 142 / ASC 350) related to goodwill impairment model, which could significantly influence whether a goodwill impairment needs to be recorded. We adjust the cash flow forecasts by an appropriate discount rate derived from our market capitalization plus a suitable control premium at the date of evaluation. In applying the first step, which is identification of any impairment of goodwill, no impairment of goodwill has resulted.
Property, equipment and satellite
Equipment, computers and software, furniture and fixtures, and our ViaSat-1 satellite under construction are recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Costs are capitalized as incurred and for our satellite include construction, launch and insurance. Satellite construction costs, including launch services and insurance, are generally procured under long-term contracts that provide for payments by us over the contract periods. In addition, interest expense is capitalized on the carring value of the satellite during the construction period. Satellite construction and launch services costs are capitalized to reflect progress toward completion, which typically coincides with contract milestone payment schedules. Insurance premiums related to satellite launches and subsequent in-orbit testing are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful lives of the satellite. Performance incentives payable in future periods are dependent on the continued satisfactory performance of the satellite in service.
Impairment of long-lived assets (property, equipment and satellite, and other intangible assets)
In accordance with the authoritative guidance for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets (SFAS 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets" / ASC 360), we assess potential impairments to our long-lived assets, including property, equipment and satellite and other intangible assets, when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We recognize an impairment loss when the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset (or group of assets) are less than the asset's carrying value. Any required impairment loss would be measured as the amount by which the asset's carrying value exceeds its fair value, and would be recorded as a reduction in the carrying value of the related asset and charged to results of operations. We have not identified any such impairment.
Income taxes
Management evaluates the realizability of our deferred tax assets and assesses the need for a valuation allowance on a quarterly basis. In accordance with the authoritative guidance for income taxes (SFAS 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes" / ASC 740), net deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on all the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Accruals for uncertain tax positions are provided for in accordance with the authoritative guidance for accounting for uncertainty in income taxes (Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48), "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109" / ASC 740). Under the guidance, we may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The guidance addresses the derecognition of income tax


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assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and income tax disclosures.
We are subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. In the ordinary course of business, there are calculations and transactions where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. In addition, changes in tax laws and regulations as well as adverse judicial rulings could adversely affect the income tax provision. We believe we have adequately provided for income tax issues not yet resolved with federal, state and foreign tax authorities. However, if these provided amounts prove to be more than what is necessary, the reversal of the reserves would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period in which we determine that provision for the liabilities is no longer necessary. If an ultimate tax assessment exceeds our estimate of tax liabilities, an additional charge to expense would result.
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets Management evaluates the realizability of our deferred tax assets and assesses the need for a valuation allowance on a quarterly basis. In accordance with SFAS 109 / ASC 740, net deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on all the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We maintained a valuation allowance of $2.1 million against deferred tax assets at October 2, 2009 and April 3, 2009 relating to state net operating loss carryforwards and research credit carryforwards available to reduce state income taxes. Results of Operations
The following table presents, as a percentage of total revenues, income statement data for the periods indicated.

                                                          Three months ended                               Six months ended
                                                October 2, 2009        October 3, 2008         October 2, 2009         October 3, 2008
Revenues                                               100.0 %                  100.0 %                 100.0 %                 100.0 %
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenues                                        69.5                     72.5                    70.0                    71.6
Selling, general and administrative                     18.0                     16.0                    17.5                    15.7
Independent research and development                     4.2                      4.2                     4.3                     5.3
Amortization of intangible assets                        0.8                      1.5                     0.9                     1.5
. . .
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