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CAMH.OB > SEC Filings for CAMH.OB > Form 10-Q on 14-Aug-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-Q for CAMBRIDGE HEART INC


14-Aug-2009

Quarterly Report


ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward-Looking Statements

This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words "believes," "anticipates," "plans," "expects," "intends" and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements as a result of any number of factors. Factors that may cause or contribute to such differences include failure to achieve broad market acceptance of the Company's MTWA technology, failure of our sales and marketing organization or partners to market our products effectively, inability to hire and retain qualified clinical applications specialists in the Company's target markets, failure to obtain or maintain adequate levels of third-party reimbursement for use of the Company's MTWA test, customer delays in making final buying decisions, decreased demand for the Company's products, failure to obtain funding necessary to develop or enhance our technology, adverse results in future clinical studies of our technology, failure to obtain or maintain patent protection for our technology, overall economic and market conditions. Many of these factors are more fully discussed, as are other factors, in Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" of the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.

Overview

We are engaged in the research, development and commercialization of products for the non-invasive diagnosis of cardiac disease. Using innovative technologies, we are addressing a key problem in cardiac diagnosis-the identification of those at risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Our proprietary technology and products are the first diagnostic tools cleared by the FDA to non-invasively measure Microvolt levels of T-Wave Alternans or MTWA, an extremely subtle beat-to-beat fluctuation in the T-Wave portion of a patient's electrocardiogram. Our MTWA Test is performed using our primary product, the HearTwave II System in conjunction with our single patient use Micro-V Alternans Sensors. We estimate that up to 10-12 million patients in the U.S. are most likely to benefit from our MTWA Test.

Strategy

Our mission is to have our MTWA Test become a standard of care in the diagnostic monitoring regime used to identify and manage the risk of SCA in a broad population of cardiac patients. Historically, the Company's marketing strategy was focused on providing MTWA testing to those patients at highest risk for SCA and who were likely candidates to receive implantable defibrillation devices (ICDs). Although MTWA testing has clearly been demonstrated to be useful in identifying those individuals who could benefit from ICD therapy, clinical experience and a growing body of data suggests that MTWA technology can and should be used in a much broader population of cardiac patients. The Company estimates that there are approximately 10 to 12 million heart attack and heart failure patients in the U.S. who can benefit from annual MTWA testing.

We intend to achieve this mission by making our technology readily available, in multiple product embodiments, in cardiology and internal medicine physician practices and in hospitals that provide healthcare services to a broad group of at-risk cardiac patients who routinely undergo cardiac evaluations, including stress testing. Our strategy calls for the Company to partner with manufacturers of cardiac stress testing equipment to develop an OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) MTWA Module that will be integrated into their systems. In addition to being sold to manufacturers' new stress system customers, the Company expects that the OEM MTWA Module will be marketed as an upgrade to manufacturers' existing installed base of stress systems users. We believe that this strategy will result in our technology being marketed to a much larger number of cardiologists and internal medicine practitioners and that gaining access to a larger and more established distribution network will allow us to place more strategic focus on increasing clinical utilization of our Alternans technology, and increasing sales of our proprietary Micro-V Alternans Sensors. We intend to continue to leverage our direct sales and marketing efforts.

Distribution Update

At June 30, 2009, we employed 5 direct sales representatives in the U.S. and employed 11 clinical application specialists who provide clinical support to our direct sales force, install systems, train customers and enhance sensor utilization. We utilize country specific independent distributors for the sales of our products outside the U.S.

On June 22, 2009, we entered into a Development, Supply and Distribution Agreement ("Agreement") with a leading stress test manufacturer ("Distributor") as part of our strategy to increase the sales and use of its proprietary MTWA technology. Pursuant to the Agreement, we will develop an OEM MTWA Module that will allow our MTWA test, using our proprietary Micro-V Alternans Sensors, to be performed on the Distributor's stress test platform via customized software and patient interface. The Distributor would market the MTWA Module as an upgrade to its existing installed base of stress systems and as an optional feature to new stress customers.


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Under the Agreement, we will sell and deliver to the Distributor the MTWA Module and our Micro-V Alternans Sensors (together, the "Products") under purchase orders submitted by the Distributor. The Distributor will resell the Products for use with the Distributor's stress test platform through its direct sales force and through its network of distributors and sub-distributors. The Distributor's right to resell the Products is non-exclusive. We may continue to sell, distribute and license our MTWA test and sensors to other distributors and customers in both generic and customized versions. The Distributor will have primary responsibility for preparing sales and marketing materials and for training its sales and service personnel regarding the Products. We will provide clinical and technical training and support to the Distributor. In addition, we will provide installation training service to each purchaser of a MTWA Module for use on the Distributor's stress test platform. We also will have customary warranty obligations with respect to the Products sold under the Agreement.

The initial term of the Agreement expires on June 22, 2014. The term of the Agreement will automatically renew for a one year period unless either party notifies the other of its intention to terminate at least 90 days prior to the expiration of the initial or renewal term. We expect that the launch of the MTWA Module for the Distributor's stress test platform will occur in 9 to 15 months based on development and regulatory approval timelines. The Agreement may be terminated by us if the MTWA Module has not been launched by September 30, 2010. The Agreement also may be terminated by either party in the event that the other party has committed a material breach of its obligations under the Agreement that has not been cured within 60 days' written notice from the terminating party, upon the bankruptcy of either party, and upon 12 months prior written notice to the other party.

During 2008, we had 11 direct sales representatives who sold our products in the United States and 2 area vice presidents of sales. In addition, we had 15 clinical application specialists to install systems, train customers and enhance sensor utilization. See "Other Recent Development" for further details regarding our personnel.

In March 2007, we entered into a Co-Marketing Agreement with St. Jude Medical granting St. Jude Medical the exclusive right to market and sell our HearTwave II System and other MTWA products to cardiologists and electrophysiologists in North America. In June 2007, the Co-Marketing Agreement was amended, effective March 21, 2007, to enable St. Jude Medical to also market our HearTwave II System and other MTWA products to North American primary care and internal medicine physicians and to enable Cambridge Heart's sales team to support St. Jude Medical's field sales force in all physician markets in North America.

In July 2008, we entered into a Restated Co-Marketing Agreement with St. Jude Medical, which effective May 5, 2008, replaced the previous Co-Marketing Agreement. The amendment granted St. Jude Medical the non-exclusive right to market and sell our HearTwave II System and other MTWA products to physicians in North America. Pursuant to the Restated Agreement, we retained full sales responsibility and could approach and deal directly with any account. We agreed to collaborate in the development and implementation of co-marketing programs with respect to marketing our products that may involve co-branding marketing materials, co-sponsoring of educational events and joint presence at industry conventions and trade shows. The Restated Agreement ended on November 5, 2008.

Reimbursement Update

Reimbursement to healthcare providers by Medicare/Medicaid and third party insurers is critical to the long-term success of our efforts to make the MTWA Test a standard of care for patients at risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmia or sudden death. In January 2002, Current Procedural Terminology Code 93025, known as a CPT code, became available for use by healthcare providers for filing for reimbursement for the performance of a MTWA Test. This code may be used alone, or in conjunction with, other diagnostic cardiovascular tests. This unique CPT code provides a uniform language used by healthcare providers to describe medical services but does not guarantee payment for the test. Coding is used to communicate to third party insurers about services that have been performed for billing purposes and can affect both the coverage decision and amount paid by third party insurers. In November 2006, CMS issued a ruling that changed the methodology used to calculate all physician reimbursement codes. This ruling, if not changed, will result in reductions in all categories of reimbursement levels through 2010. Effective January 1, 2009, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ("CMS"), reduced the Medicare payment amount for the CPT code for a MTWA Test from a national average of $252 in 2008 to $214 in 2009.

In July 2009, CMS released its proposed 2010 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS), which would further reduce payments for most cardiovascular-related services. MPFS rates are updated annually and have resulted in negative updates since 2002. However, in recent years Congress has enacted legislation to avert certain reductions. If passed, unchanged from its current form, the Proposed Rule would further reduce the Medicare payment for our MTWA Test, beyond what is currently scheduled to take effect on January 1, 2010. CMS reported that it will accept comments on the Proposed Rule until August 31, 2009 and will respond to all comments in a final rule to be issued by November 1, 2009. Any reduction in reimbursement, material change in indication or reversal of private payer coverage for our MTWA Test may affect the demand for, price of, or utilization of our Heartwave II System and Micro-V Alternans Sensors, which may in turn have an adverse effect on our business.


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Prior to March 2006, local Medicare carriers had provided coverage for the Microvolt T-Wave Alternans Test. However, actual reimbursement has been inconsistent and in many instances administratively burdensome to physicians making it difficult to obtain. In addition to Medicare reimbursement at a local level, CMS issues National Coverage Determinations (NCDs) which represent approximately 10% of total Medicare coverage policies. In 2005, we applied to CMS for a NCD in order to gain broader and more uniform reimbursement coverage for our MTWA Test. After a nine-month application process, which included two public comment periods, CMS released a draft of its NCD on December 21, 2005, which became final on March 21, 2006. This broad coverage policy allows for payment for MTWA testing of patients at risk of SCA only when a MTWA test is performed using the Analytic Spectral Method, which is our patented and proprietary method of analysis.

In 2005, we received positive reimbursement decisions from Horizon Blue Cross/Blue Shield units in New Jersey, and had payment policies from Blue Cross/Blue Shield in New York, Iowa, Maryland, Washington DC, Delaware, Michigan and South Dakota. In 2006, we received favorable reimbursement decisions from Aetna and Humana, which included the use of our patented algorithm. Additionally, in 2006, we received positive reimbursement decisions from other large private payers including CIGNA Healthcare, Healthcare Service Corporation (HCSC) and WellPoint. In 2008, Premera Blue Cross and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Arizona revised their policies to make Microvolt T-Wave Alternans Testing a covered benefit. In February 2009, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care initiated reimbursement for the MTWA test. In April 2009, WellPoint revised its coverage policy on MTWA testing from a covered service to a non-covered service. We estimate that approximately 6 million high-risk cardiac patients are currently covered for MTWA testing by either Medicare or other commercial health plans in the United States. Typically, private reimbursement coverage for our MTWA Test is available only to those patients who are otherwise indicated for ICD therapy.

Recent Clinical Developments

In May 2008, a meta-analysis of MTWA studies, which included the MASTER trial, conducted by a group led by Stefan Hohnloser, MD, FHRS, of the JW Goethe University Division of Cardiology in Frankfurt, Germany, was presented by Dr. Stefan Hohnloser at the Heart Rhythm Society 2008 Scientific Sessions in San Francisco. The study entitled "Predictive Accuracy of Microvolt T-Wave Alternans Testing in Primary Prevention Patients With and Without ICDs" analyzed 13 clinical studies, which collectively involved approximately 6,000 cardiac patients. The results showed that MTWA was a highly accurate predictor of arrhythmic events in those studies which used sudden cardiac arrest or sustained arrhythmias as the primary endpoint. Dr. Hohnloser noted that "appropriate" ICD therapy appeared to be an unreliable surrogate endpoint for sudden cardiac death and can skew the results of risk stratification studies. This comprehensive analysis, which was published in a supplement to the March 2009 issue of the Heart Rhythm journal, confirms the findings of numerous peer-reviewed studies which underscore the important role of MTWA in assessing a patient's risk of sudden cardiac arrest and points out the contrast between results from these studies that used sudden cardiac death or sustained arrhythmias as the primary endpoint and those studies, such as the MASTER trial, in which "appropriate" ICD discharge was the predominant endpoint. For additional information concerning clinical studies involving our MTWA test, including the MASTER trial, see Item 1. "Business-Clinical Studies" of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.

Other Recent Developments

In March 2009, in order to reduce cash expenditures, the Company implemented an expense reduction initiative. This initiative included a reduction in headcount from 39 full-time and 5 part-time employees at December 31, 2008, to 27 full-time and 5 part-time employees. The reduction in headcount, which impacted all of the Company's operational areas, included a restructuring of the direct sales organization to improve cost effectiveness.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon the financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The notes to the financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 include a summary of our significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of our financial statements. The preparation of financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to incentive compensation, revenue recognition, product returns, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory valuation, investments valuation, intangible assets, income taxes, warranty obligations, the fair value of preferred stock and warrants, and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

The critical accounting policies and the significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our condensed financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 are consistent with those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 in the section captioned "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates."


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Results of Operations

The following table presents our revenue by product line and geographic region for each of the periods indicated. This information has been derived from our statement of operations included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. You should not draw any conclusions about our future results from our revenue for any prior period.

Revenue:



                                                Three months ended June 30,                                        Six months ended June 30,
                                                %                         %            %                          %                           %            %
($000's)                           2008      of Total        2009      of Total      Change         2008       of Total         2009       of Total      Change
Alternans Products:
U.S.                             $ 511,745         55 %    $ 530,492         67 %         4 %    $ 1,456,330         69 %    $ 1,052,507         65 %       -28 %
Rest of World                      101,900         11 %       52,603          7 %       -48 %        157,180          7 %        100,330          6 %       -36 %

Total                              613,645         66 %      583,095         74 %        -5 %      1,613,510         77 %      1,152,837         71 %       -29 %

Stress and Other Products:
U.S.                               224,353         24 %      190,515         24 %       -15 %        321,289         15 %        393,295         24 %        22 %
Rest of World                       89,450         10 %       19,480          2 %       -78 %        169,250          8 %         82,480          5 %       -51 %

Total                              313,803         34 %      209,995         26 %       -33 %        490,539         23 %        475,775         29 %        -3 %


Total Revenues                   $ 927,448        100 %    $ 793,090        100 %       -14 %      2,104,049        100 %    $ 1,628,612        100 %       -23 %

Three and Six Month Periods Ended June 30, 2008 and 2009

Revenue

Total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009 was $927,448 and $793,090, respectively, a decrease of 14%. Revenue from the sale of our Microvolt T-Wave Alternans products, which we call our Alternans products, was $613,645 during the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to $583,095 during the same period of 2009, a decrease of 5%. Our Alternans products accounted for 66% and 74% of total revenue for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Revenue from the sale of our stress and other products for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009 was $313,803 and $209,995, respectively.

Total revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009 was $2,104,049 and $1,628,612, respectively, a decrease of 23%. Revenue from the sale of our Alternans products was $1,613,510 during the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to $1,152,837 during the same period of 2009, a decrease of 29%. Our Alternans products accounted for 77% and 71% of total revenue for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Revenue from the sale of our stress and other products for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009 was $490,539 and $475,775, respectively.

The decrease in revenue for the 2009 periods is due to lower sales of our Heartwave II systems in the U.S. and internationally due to the general economic downturn and resultant negative impact on healthcare capital equipment sales and lower sales of our proprietary sensors.

Gross Profit

Gross profit, as a percent of revenue, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009, was relatively consistent at 43% and 42%, respectively. Gross profit, as a percent of revenue, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009, was 48% and 41%, respectively. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of revenue for the 2009 periods was primarily attributable to lower overall sales levels relative to fixed overhead costs.

Operating Expenses

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, our operating expenses. This information has been derived from our statement of operations included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our operating expenses for any period are not necessarily indicative of future trends.


Table of Contents
                                                                   Three months ended June 30,                                                Six months ended June 30,
                                                                %                           %                                             %                           %
                                                             of Total                    of Total      % Inc/(Dec)                     of Total                    of Total      % Inc/(Dec)
                                                  2008       Revenue          2009       Revenue       2008 vs 2009         2008       Revenue          2009       Revenue       2008 vs 2009
Operating Expenses:
Research and development                       $   177,254         19 %    $    92,239         12 %             -48 %    $   287,747         14 %    $   166,687         10 %             -42 %
Selling, general and administrative              2,854,790        308 %      2,017,825        254 %             -29 %      5,909,288        281 %    $ 4,450,779        273 %             -25 %

Total                                          $ 3,032,044        327 %    $ 2,110,064        266 %             -30 %    $ 6,197,035        295 %    $ 4,617,466        284 %             -25 %

Research and Development

Research and development expense for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009 was $177,254 and $92,239, respectively, a decrease of 48%. Research and development expense for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009 was $287,747 and $166,687, respectively, a decrease of 42%. Research and development expense for the 2009 periods was lower due to non-recurring patent related expenses incurred by the Company in 2008.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009 was $2,854,790 and $2,017,825, and $5,909,288 and $4,450,779, respectively, a decrease of 29% and 25%, respectively. The decrease in selling expense from the 2008 period was primarily due to a significantly reduced headcount, including direct sales representatives and clinical application specialists. Further, the first six months of 2008 included commission costs related to the St. Jude Medical Co-Marketing Agreement. General and Administrative expenses were also lower compared to the 2008 periods due to lower non-cash compensation expense related to unvested stock options that were forfeited in 2009, and non-recurring legal advisory related costs incurred in 2008. SG&A expense for the 2008 and 2009 periods included $1,414,600 and $979,386 in non-cash, stock-based compensation expense, respectively.

Interest Income/Interest Expense

Interest income, net of interest expense, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009 was $70,559 and $372, respectively. Interest income, net of interest expense, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2009 was $237,062 and $10,096, respectively, a decrease of 96%. The decrease is primarily the result of lower amounts of invested cash and declines in short-term interest rates.

Net Income/(Loss)

As a result of the factors described above, the net loss attributable to common stockholders for the three months ended June 30, 2008 was $2,559,384 compared to $1,779,293 in the same period in 2009. The net loss attributable to common stockholders for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $4,941,388 compared to $3,934,259 in the same period in 2009.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash and cash equivalents were $6,207,074 at December 31, 2008 compared to $3,819,453 at June 30, 2009. At December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2009, cash equivalents consisted of money market funds. As discussed in Note 2, the Company classifies investments in money market funds as cash equivalents since these investments are readily convertible into known amounts of cash in short order and have insignificant valuation risk.

The overall decrease in the Company's cash and cash equivalents is primarily attributable to cash used by operations. Our financial statements have been prepared on a "going concern basis," which assumes we will realize our assets and discharge our liabilities in the normal course of business. In the first six months of 2009, we experienced losses from operations of $3,944,355. The main changes in operating assets and liabilities in 2009 were a decrease in accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, of $265,628, or 28%, as a result of lower sales volume and cash collection efforts, and a decrease in inventory, net of reserve, of $159,630, or 8%, primarily attributable to sufficient inventory built up in connection with our contractual obligations to St. Jude Medical. Prepaid expenses and other current assets at June 30, 2009 also decreased $38,596 compared to December 31, 2008. Accounts payable and accrued expenses at June 30, 2009 increased $82,921 compared to December 31, 2008 due to timing of certain expenses. As a result of the aforementioned, we have incurred negative cash flow from operations of $2,380,442 for the six months ended June 30, 2009. In addition, we have an accumulated deficit at June 30, 2009 of $92,578,353.

In March 2009, we implemented an expense reduction initiative. The initiative, in conjunction with previous measures, included a 33% reduction in headcount from 46 full-time equivalents employees in the fourth quarter of 2008. The . . .

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