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| FWRD > SEC Filings for FWRD > Form 10-K on 26-Feb-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
26-Feb-2009
Annual Report
Overview and Executive Summary
Our operations can be broadly classified into two principal segments: Forward Air and FASI.
Through our Forward Air segment, we are a leading provider of time-definite surface transportation and related logistics services to the North American deferred air freight market. We offer our customers local pick-up and delivery (Forward Air Complete™) and scheduled surface transportation of cargo as a cost-effective, reliable alternative to air transportation. We transport cargo that must be delivered at a specific time, but is less time-sensitive than traditional air freight. This type of cargo is frequently referred to in the transportation industry as deferred air freight. We operate our Forward Air segment through a network of terminals located on or near airports in 82 cities in the United States and Canada, including a central sorting facility in Columbus, Ohio and 11 regional hubs serving key markets. We also offer our customers an array of logistics and other services including: expedited truckload brokerage (TLX); dedicated fleets; warehousing; customs brokerage; and shipment consolidation, deconsolidation and handling.
On July 30, 2007, through our subsidiary and reporting segment, FASI, and in conjunction with the acquisition of USAC, we began providing pool distribution services throughout the Mid-Atlantic, Southeast, Midwest and Southwest continental United States. Pool distribution involves managing high-frequency handling and distribution of time-sensitive product to numerous destinations in specific geographic regions. Our primary customers for this product are regional and nationwide distributors and retailers, such as mall, strip mall and outlet based retail chains. We service these customers through a network of terminals and service centers located in 19 cities.
Our operations, particularly our network of hubs and terminals, represent substantial fixed costs. Consequently, our continued growth depends in significant part on our ability to increase the amount of freight and the revenue per pound for the freight shipped through our networks and to grow other lines of businesses, such as TLX, which will allow us to maintain revenue growth in challenging shipping environments.
Trends and Developments
Acquisitions
During the year ended December 31, 2008 we experienced revenue growth across all product lines and segments. The revenue growth was primarily driven by our 2008 and 2007 acquisitions and was partially offset by the challenging economic conditions of 2008.
On September 8, 2008, we acquired certain assets and liabilities of Service Express. Service Express was a privately-held provider of pool distribution services primarily in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern continental United States. Service Express generated approximately $39.0 million in revenue during the year ended December 31, 2007. The acquisition of Service Express' pool distribution services added to the geographic footprint of the FASI segment in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern United States.
On March 17, 2008, we acquired certain assets and liabilities of Pinch. Pinch was a privately-held provider of pool distribution, airport-to-airport, truckload, custom, and cartage services primarily to the Southwestern continental United States. Pinch generated approximately $35.0 million in revenue during the year ended December 31, 2007. The acquisition of Pinch's pool distribution services expanded the geographic footprint of the FASI segment in the Southwestern United States. In addition, it provided additional tonnage density to the Forward Air airport-to-airport network, and the acquisition of Pinch's cartage and truckload business provided an opportunity for Forward Air to expand its service options in the Southwestern United States.
Further, on December 3, 2007 we acquired certain assets and liabilities of Black Hawk for approximately $35.2 million to increase the penetration of our airport-to-airport network in the Midwest continental United States. Also, on July 30, 2007, we acquired certain assets and liabilities of USAC for approximately $12.9 million. Through this acquisition we began providing pool distribution services throughout the Southeast, Midwest and Southwest continental United States.
While providing different benefits, these acquisitions fit into our "Completing the Model" strategic initiative of using acquisitions to grow our existing business and to expand into new services and lines of business that will provide for revenue growth in any market conditions. We will continue to evaluate potential acquisitions that can increase our penetration of a geographic area, add new customers, increase freight, or enable us to offer additional services.
Results of Operations
During the year ended December 31, 2008, despite the increase in revenue driven primarily by the above acquisitions, we experienced a year-over-year decrease in our income from operations. The year-over-year decrease in income from operations was largely due to the current economic recession and the resulting decrease in our business levels during the fourth quarter of 2008. The depressed fourth quarter 2008 earnings were driven by the decrease in airport-to-airport revenue during the fourth quarter of 2008 versus the same period in 2007 and lower than expected FASI revenue and results of operations. The significant decline in airport-to-airport revenue was driven by an over 10.0% decrease in the tonnage shipped through our network during the fourth quarter of 2008 compared to the same period in 2007. The decline in airport-to-airport tonnage was directly related to the current economic recession. The economic recession was also largely responsible for lower than expected revenue and reduced year-over-year fourth quarter earnings in our FASI segment. FASI's net income was approximately $0.9 million less in the fourth quarter of 2008 versus the fourth quarter of 2007 as depressed revenues due to the economic environment prevented us from achieving results comparable with 2007.
Increases in revenues from our logistics services, mainly TLX, and FASI offset the decline in airport-to-airport revenue; however these services, are not as profitable and did not generate comparable operating results with our airport-to-airport business. We expect these year-over-year decreases to continue into 2009, as our airport-to-airport business continues to experience large year-over-year decreases in business levels.
Also, declining fuel prices may adversely affect our revenues in 2009. Our net fuel surcharge revenue is the result of our fuel surcharge rates, which are set weekly using the national average for diesel price per gallon, and the tonnage transiting our network. The decline in tonnage levels combined with the year-over-year decline in diesel fuel prices could result in a significant reduction in our net fuel surcharge revenue during 2009.
Segments
Effective July 30, 2007, in conjunction with FASI's acquisition of certain assets and liabilities of USAC, we began reporting our operations as two segments: Forward Air and FASI.
Our Forward Air segment includes our airport-to-airport, Forward Air Complete, and TLX services as well as our other accessorial related services such as warehousing; customs brokerage; and value-added handling services.
Our FASI segment includes our pool distribution business and the related assets and liabilities purchased from USAC, Pinch and Service Express.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our historical financial data for the years ended
December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):
Year ended
December 31, December 31, Percent
2008 2007 Change Change
Operating revenue $ 474.4 $ 392.7 $ 81.7 20.8 %
Operating expenses:
Purchased
transportation 189.0 164.4 24.6 15.0
Salaries, wages,
and employee
benefits 116.5 88.8 27.7 31.2
Operating leases 24.4 16.8 7.6 45.2
Depreciation and
amortization 16.6 10.9 5.7 52.3
Insurance and
claims 8.1 7.7 0.4 5.2
Fuel expense 11.5 2.4 9.1 379.2
Other operating
expenses 38.0 30.7 7.3 23.8
Total operating
expenses 404.1 321.7 82.4 25.6
Income from
operations 70.3 71.0 (0.7 ) (1.0 )
Other income
(expense):
Interest expense (1.2 ) (0.5 ) (0.7 ) 140.0
Other, net 0.3 1.8 (1.5 ) (83.3 )
Total other
(expense) income (0.9 ) 1.3 (2.2 ) (169.2 )
Income before income
taxes 69.4 72.3 (2.9 ) (4.0 )
Income taxes 26.9 27.4 (0.5 ) (1.8 )
Net income $ 42.5 $ 44.9 $ (2.4 ) (5.3 ) %
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The following table sets forth our historical financial data for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):
Year ended
December 31, Percent of December 31, Percent of Percent
2008 Revenue 2007 Revenue Change Change
Operating revenue
Forward Air $ 421.2 88.8 % $ 376.8 95.9 % $ 44.4 11.8 %
FASI 55.3 11.6 16.0 4.1 39.3 245.6
Intercompany (2.1 ) (0.4 ) (0.1 ) -- (2.0 ) 2,000.0
Eliminations
Total 474.4 100.0 392.7 100.0 81.7 20.8
Purchased
transportation
Forward Air 179.9 42.7 162.4 43.1 17.5 10.8
FASI 11.2 20.2 2.1 13.1 9.1 433.3
Intercompany (2.1 ) 100.0 (0.1 ) 100.0 (2.0 ) 2,000.0
Eliminations
Total 189.0 39.9 164.4 41.9 24.6 15.0
Salaries, wages and
employee benefits
Forward Air 92.5 22.0 82.0 21.8 10.5 12.8
FASI 24.0 43.4 6.8 42.5 17.2 252.9
Total 116.5 24.6 88.8 22.6 27.7 31.2
Operating leases
Forward Air 18.5 4.4 15.8 4.2 2.7 17.1
FASI 5.9 10.7 1.0 6.3 4.9 490.0
Total 24.4 5.1 16.8 4.3 7.6 45.2
Depreciation and
amortization
Forward Air 14.4 3.4 10.4 2.8 4.0 38.5
FASI 2.2 4.0 0.5 3.1 1.7 340.0
Total 16.6 3.5 10.9 2.8 5.7 52.3
Insurance and claims
Forward Air 7.3 1.7 7.2 1.9 0.1 1.4
FASI 0.8 1.4 0.5 3.1 0.3 60.0
Total 8.1 1.7 7.7 1.9 0.4 5.2
Fuel expense
Forward Air 5.8 1.4 1.3 0.3 4.5 346.2
FASI 5.7 10.3 1.1 6.9 4.6 418.2
Total 11.5 2.4 2.4 0.6 9.1 379.2
Other operating
expenses
Forward Air 32.1 7.6 29.0 7.7 3.1 10.7
FASI 5.9 10.7 1.7 10.6 4.2 247.1
Total 38.0 8.0 30.7 7.8 7.3 23.8
Income (loss) from
operations
Forward Air 70.7 16.8 68.7 18.2 2.0 2.9
FASI (0.4 ) (0.7 ) 2.3 14.4 (2.7 ) (117.4 )
Total $ 70.3 14.8 % $ 71.0 18.1 % $ (0.7 ) (1.0 ) %
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The following table presents the components of the Forward Air segment's operating revenue and purchased transportation for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):
Percent of Percent of Percent
2008 Revenue 2007 Revenue Change Change
Forward Air revenue
Airport-to-airport $ 336.2 79.8 % $ 313.2 83.1 % $ 23.0 7.3 %
Logistics 59.9 14.2 42.7 11.3 17.2 40.3
Other 25.1 6.0 20.9 5.6 4.2 20.1
Total $ 421.2 100.0 % $ 376.8 100.0 % $ 44.4 11.8 %
Forward Air purchased
transportation
Airport-to-airport $ 128.9 38.3 % $ 123.7 39.5 % $ 5.2 4.2 %
Logistics 44.5 74.3 32.7 76.6 11.8 36.1
Other 6.5 25.9 6.0 28.7 0.5 8.3
Total $ 179.9 42.7 % $ 162.4 43.1 % $ 17.5 10.8 %
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Year ended December 31, 2008 compared to Year ended December 31, 2007
Revenues
Operating revenue increased by $81.7 million, or 20.8%, to $474.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $392.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Forward Air
Forward Air operating revenue increased $44.4 million, or 11.8%, to $421.2 million from $376.8 million, accounting for 88.8% of consolidated operating revenue for the year ended December 31, 2008. Airport-to-airport revenue, which is the largest component of our consolidated operating revenue, increased $23.0 million, or 7.3%, to $336.2 million from $313.2 million, accounting for 79.8% of the segment's operating revenue during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to 83.1% for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in airport-to-airport revenue was driven by our recent acquisitions, increased utilization of Forward Air Complete and increased net fuel surcharge revenue. Revenue for Forward Air Complete, our pick-up and delivery service for the airport-to-airport network increased $11.4 million in 2008 over 2007 due to increased customer utilization of the service. Also, net fuel surcharge revenue increased $12.4 million in 2008 over 2007 primarily driven by the increase in tonnage and fuel prices during the second and third quarters of 2008. These increases were slightly offset by a $0.8 million decrease in our base airport-to-airport revenue. The 4.4% increase in tonnage that transited our network was offset by a 4.5% decrease in average revenue per pound before fuel surcharge and Forward Air Complete revenues. The increase in tonnage was primarily driven by the increased activity resulting from our acquisitions of Pinch and Black Hawk in March 2008 and December 2007, respectively, offset by the impact of the economic recession on our airport-to-airport network during the second half of 2008, but most acutely in the fourth quarter of 2008. Average revenue per pound before net fuel surcharge and Forward Air Complete revenues decreased due to a shift in our business mix to shorter distance lower price per pound routes. This shift was primarily the result of new business obtained with the Pinch and Black Hawk acquisitions as well as increased business from international and domestic airlines.
Logistics revenue, which is primarily truckload brokerage (TLX) and priced on a per mile basis, increased $17.2 million, or 40.3%, to $59.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2008 from $42.7 million in the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in logistics revenue is the result of our continuing efforts as part of our "Completing the Model" strategic initiative to grow TLX and $4.0 million in new revenue from service lines obtained through the Pinch and Black Hawk acquisitions. We continue to place emphasis on capturing a larger percentage of truckload opportunities and correspondingly increasing our access to sufficient truckload capacity through the expansion of our owner-operator fleet and the use of third-party transportation providers. Through these efforts, we increased the number of miles driven to support our TLX revenue by 27.9% during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the year ended December 31, 2007. The average revenue per mile of our TLX product, including the impact of fuel surcharges, increased 2.1% for the year ended December 31, 2008 versus the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in revenue per mile is mainly attributable to increased fuel surcharges to offset increased fuel costs.
Other revenue, which includes warehousing services and terminal handling, accounts for the final component of Forward Air operating revenue. Other revenue increased $4.2 million to $25.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, a 20.1% increase from $20.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase was primarily due to increased cartage, handling and storage revenue due to new services offered through our recently expanded facilities. The increased cartage revenue is also the result of new business obtained in conjunction with the Pinch and Black Hawk acquisitions.
FASI
FASI operating revenue increased $39.3 million to $55.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $16.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in revenue is the result of additional activity from the Pinch acquisition on March 17, 2008 and the Service Express acquisition on September 8, 2008. In addition, the year ended December 31, 2008 includes a full twelve months of revenue compared to only five months for the year ended December 31, 2007, as FASI began operations on July 30, 2007 in conjunction with the acquisition of USAC.
Intercompany Eliminations
Intercompany eliminations of $2.1 million are the result of truckload and airport-to-airport services Forward Air provided to FASI during the year ended December 31, 2008. FASI also provides cartage services to Forward Air.
Purchased Transportation
Purchased transportation increased by $24.6 million, or 15.0%, to $189.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $164.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. As a percentage of total operating revenue, purchased transportation was 39.9% during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to 41.9% for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Forward Air
Forward Air's purchased transportation increased by $17.5 million, or 10.8%, to $179.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $162.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in purchased transportation is primarily attributable to an increase of approximately 6.4% in miles driven in addition to a 4.1% increase in the total cost per mile for the year ended December 31, 2008 versus the year ended December 31, 2007. As a percentage of segment operating revenue, Forward Air purchased transportation was 42.7% during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to 43.1% for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Purchased transportation costs for our airport-to-airport network increased $5.2 million, or 4.2%, to $128.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $123.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. For the year ended December 31, 2008, purchased transportation for our airport-to-airport network decreased to 38.3% of airport-to-airport revenue from 39.5% for the year ended December 31, 2007. The $5.2 million increase is attributable to a 1.2% increase in miles driven by our network of owner-operators or third party transportation providers plus a 3.0% increase in cost per mile. The change in miles increased purchased transportation by $1.5 million while the change in cost per mile increased purchased transportation $3.7 million. Miles driven by our network of owner-operators or third party transportation providers increased to support the increased revenue activity, mainly in the first half of 2008 as discussed above. The increase in cost per mile is attributable to increased customer utilization of Forward Air Complete mitigated by increased utilization of our network of owner-operators as opposed to more costly third party transportation providers. Additionally, the increase in cost per mile was also offset by the increased use of Company-employed drivers. The increase in the number of Company-employed drivers and their use in the airport-to-airport network is mainly a result of the Pinch and Black Hawk acquisitions. The cost for the Company-employed drivers is included in salaries, wages and benefits instead of purchased transportation.
Purchased transportation costs for our logistics revenue increased $11.8 million, or 36.1%, to $44.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $32.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. For the year ended December 31, 2008, logistics' purchased transportation costs represented 74.3% of logistics revenue versus 76.6% for the year ended December 31, 2007. The 36.1% increase is partially attributable to a $2.3 million increase in costs associated with new logistics business obtained through the acquisition of Pinch and Black Hawk. The remaining increase is attributable to a 27.9% increase in miles driven by our network of owner-operators or third party transportation providers plus a 0.9% increase in the related cost per mile. Miles driven by our network of owner-operators or third party transportation providers increased to support our continuing efforts to grow our TLX business as discussed above, and accounted for $9.1 million of the increase in logistics purchased transportation. The change in the cost per mile increased the logistics purchased transportation by $0.4 million. The increase in cost per mile was mostly the result of increased rates from third party transportation providers mostly offset by increased use of our network of owner-operators. The decrease in logistics transportation as a percentage of revenue is the result of the favorable change in business mix as well as the addition of the new services from the Pinch and Black Hawk acquisitions.
Purchased transportation costs related to our other revenue increased $0.5 million, or 8.3%, to $6.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $6.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. Other purchased transportation costs as a percentage of other revenue decreased to 25.9% of other revenue for the year ended December 31, 2008 from 28.7% for the year ended December 31, 2007. The improvement in other purchased transportation costs as a percentage of other revenue is attributable to the use of Company-employed drivers to provide the transportation services associated with new business obtained from the Pinch and Black Hawk acquisitions.
FASI
FASI purchased transportation increased to $11.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $2.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. FASI purchased transportation as a percentage of revenue was 20.2% for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to 13.1% for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in purchased transportation is mainly due to our continued expansion of the FASI business through the acquisitions of Pinch and Service Express in March 2008 and September 2008, respectively. In addition, the year ended 2008 includes a full twelve months of FASI activity compared to only five months for the year ended December 31, 2007, as FASI began operations on July 30, 2007. Purchased transportation has increased as a percentage of FASI revenue mainly due to the increased use of owner-operators particularly in conjunction with the acquisition of Pinch.
Intercompany Eliminations
Intercompany eliminations increased to $2.1 million and are the result of truckload and airport-to-airport services Forward Air provided to FASI during the year ended December 31, 2008. During the year ended December 31, 2008, FASI also provided cartage services to Forward Air.
Salaries, Wages, and Benefits
Salaries, wages and employee benefits increased by $27.7 million, or 31.2%, to $116.5 million in the year ended 2008 from $88.8 million in the same period of 2007. As a percentage of total operating revenue, salaries, wages and employee benefits was 24.6% during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to 22.6% for the same period in 2007.
Forward Air
Salaries, wages and employee benefits of Forward Air increased by $10.5 million, or 12.8%, to $92.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2008 from $82.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. Salaries, wages and employee benefits were 22.0% of Forward Air's operating revenue in the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to 21.8% for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in salaries, wages and employee benefits as a percentage of revenue was the result of increases in health insurance costs and share-based compensation offset by decreases in workers' compensation and employee incentive costs.
Employee incentives decreased $0.4 million, or 0.2% as a percentage of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2007. The decrease was due to a reduction of annual incentives for key employees due to failures to achieve performance goals. During the fourth quarter of 2008, salaries, wages and employee benefits were reduced by $1.5 million as we reduced accruals for annual senior management incentives as annual earnings goals were not met. Comparatively, we increased salaries, wages and employee benefits by $1.1 million during the fourth quarter of 2007 for annual incentives to senior management.
Workers' compensation costs decreased approximately $1.1 million, or 0.3% as a percentage of Forward Air operating revenue. The year-over-year difference is primarily due to a $0.7 million increase in our workers' compensation loss reserves recorded in 2007 that resulted from an actuarial analysis. The remaining decrease is due to 2008 reductions in our workers' compensation loss reserves as a result of lower claims experience than projected in previous periods.
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