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L > SEC Filings for L > Form 10-K on 25-Feb-2009All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for LOEWS CORP


25-Feb-2009

Annual Report


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is comprised of the following sections:

                                                           Page
                                                            No.

                 Overview
                 Consolidated Financial Results             59
                 Separation of Lorillard                    60
                 Parent Company Structure                   61
                 Critical Accounting Estimates              61
                 Results of Operations by Business Segment  64
                 CNA Financial                              64
                 Reserves - Estimates and Uncertainties     64
                 Standard Lines                             71
                 Specialty Lines                            73
                 Life & Group Non-Core                      75
                 Other Insurance                            76
                 A&E Reserves                               77
                 Diamond Offshore                           82
                 HighMount                                  86
                 Boardwalk Pipeline                         89
                 Loews Hotels                               93
                 Corporate and Other                        94
                 Liquidity and Capital Resources            95
                 CNA Financial                              95
                 Diamond Offshore                           98
                 HighMount                                  99
                 Boardwalk Pipeline                        100
                 Loews Hotels                              102
                 Corporate and Other                       102
                 Contractual Obligations                   103
                 Investments                               104
                 Accounting Standards                      114
                 Forward-Looking Statements                114

OVERVIEW

We are a holding company. Our subsidiaries are engaged in the following lines of business:

· commercial property and casualty insurance (CNA Financial Corporation ("CNA"), a 90% owned subsidiary);

· operation of offshore oil and gas drilling rigs (Diamond Offshore Drilling, Inc. ("Diamond Offshore"), a 50.4% owned subsidiary);

· exploration, production and marketing of natural gas, natural gas liquids and, to a lesser extent, oil (HighMount Exploration & Production LLC ("HighMount"), a wholly owned subsidiary);

· operation of interstate natural gas transmission pipeline systems (Boardwalk Pipeline Partners, LP ("Boardwalk Pipeline"), a 74% owned subsidiary); and

· operation of hotels (Loews Hotels Holding Corporation ("Loews Hotels"), a wholly owned subsidiary).


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations Overview - (Continued)

Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Report to "the Company," "we," "our," "us" or like terms refer to the business of Loews Corporation excluding its subsidiaries.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Item 1A, Risk Factors, and Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Consolidated Financial Results

Consolidated results from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 amounted to a loss of $182 million, or $0.38 per share, compared to income from continuing operations of $1,587 million, or $2.96 per share, in 2007. Results for the fourth quarter of 2008 amounted to a loss from continuing operations of $958 million, or $2.20 per share, compared to income from continuing operations of $295 million, or $0.56 per share, in the 2007 fourth quarter. The fourth quarter and full year of 2008 included the following:

· Realized investment losses at CNA of $283 million for the fourth quarter of 2008 and $756 million for the full year 2008, after tax and minority interest.

· A $440 million after tax non-cash impairment charge for the fourth quarter and full year 2008, related to the carrying value of HighMount's natural gas and oil properties reflecting lower commodity prices at December 31, 2008.

· A $314 million after tax non-cash goodwill impairment charge for the fourth quarter and full year 2008, related to HighMount.

· Book value per common share of $30.17 at December 31, 2008 as compared to $32.40 at December 31, 2007.

Net income for 2008 amounted to $4.5 billion compared to $2.5 billion for 2007. Net income includes a tax-free non-cash gain of $4.3 billion related to the separation of Lorillard and an after tax gain of $75 million from the sale of Bulova Corporation, both reported as discontinued operations.

Net income and earnings (loss) per share information attributable to Loews common stock and our former Carolina Group stock is summarized in the table below.

Year Ended December 31                                            2008        2007
(In millions, except per share data)

Net income (loss) attributable to Loews common stock:
Income (loss) from continuing operations                         $  (182 )   $ 1,587
Discontinued operations, net                                       4,501         369
Net income attributable to Loews common stock                      4,319       1,956
Net income attributable to former Carolina Group stock -
Discontinued operations, net (a)                                     211         533
Consolidated net income                                          $ 4,530     $ 2,489

Net income per share:
Loews common stock
Income (loss) from continuing operations                         $ (0.38 )   $  2.96
Discontinued operations, net                                        9.43        0.69
Loews common stock                                               $  9.05     $  3.65
Former Carolina Group stock - Discontinued operations, net (a)   $  1.95     $  4.91

(a) The Carolina Group and Carolina Group stock were eliminated as part of the separation of Lorillard.


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations
Consolidated Financial Results - (Continued)

Higher realized investment losses, lower investment income and increased catastrophe losses, primarily from hurricanes, at CNA contributed to the loss from continuing operations for 2008. Investment income at the holding company also included losses in 2008, as compared to gains in the prior year. The prolonged and severe disruptions in the debt and equity markets, including among other things, widening of credit spreads, bankruptcies and government intervention in a number of large financial institutions as well as the global economic downturn, resulted in significant realized and unrealized losses in CNA's investment portfolio and declines in net investment income during 2008.

HighMount's results also contributed to the loss from continuing operations and include a non-cash impairment charge of $691 million ($440 million after tax) related to the carrying value of natural gas and oil properties, and a non-cash charge related to the impairment of goodwill of $482 million ($314 million after tax). These charges reflect declines in commodity prices and negative reserve revisions in proved reserve quantities based on a decline in commodity prices. There were no comparable charges in 2007.

These declines were partially offset by significantly improved results at Diamond Offshore.

Separation of Lorillard

In June of 2008, we disposed of our entire ownership interest in our wholly owned subsidiary, Lorillard, Inc. ("Lorillard"), through the following two integrated transactions, collectively referred to as the "Separation":

· On June 10, 2008, we distributed 108,478,429 shares, or approximately 62%, of the outstanding common stock of Lorillard in exchange for and in redemption of all of the 108,478,429 outstanding shares of our former Carolina Group stock, in accordance with our Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the "Redemption"); and

· On June 16, 2008, we distributed the remaining 65,445,000 shares, or approximately 38%, of the outstanding common stock of Lorillard in exchange for 93,492,857 shares of Loews common stock, reflecting an exchange ratio of
0.70 (the "Exchange Offer").

As a result of the Separation, Lorillard is no longer a subsidiary of ours and we no longer own any interest in the outstanding stock of Lorillard. As of the completion of the Redemption, the former Carolina Group and former Carolina Group stock have been eliminated. In addition, at that time all outstanding stock options and stock appreciation rights ("SARs") awarded under our former Carolina Group 2002 Stock Option Plan were assumed by Lorillard and converted into stock options and SARs which are exercisable for shares of Lorillard common stock.

The Loews common stock acquired by us in the Exchange Offer was recorded as a decrease in our Shareholders' equity, reflecting the market value of the shares of Loews common stock delivered in the Exchange Offer. This decline was offset by a $4.3 billion gain to us from the Exchange Offer, which was reported as a gain on disposal of the discontinued business.

Our Consolidated Financial Statements have been reclassified to reflect Lorillard as a discontinued operation. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and cash flows have been excluded from the respective captions in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Income, and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and have been included in Assets and Liabilities of discontinued operations, Discontinued operations, net and Net cash flows - discontinued operations, respectively.

Prior to the Redemption, we had a two class common stock structure: Loews common stock and former Carolina Group stock. Former Carolina Group stock, commonly called a tracking stock, was intended to reflect the performance of a defined group of Loews's assets and liabilities referred to as the former Carolina Group. The principal assets and liabilities attributable to the former Carolina Group were our 100% ownership of Lorillard, including all dividends paid by Lorillard to us, and any and all liabilities, costs and expenses arising out of or relating to tobacco or tobacco-related businesses. Immediately prior to the Separation, outstanding former Carolina Group stock represented an approximately 62% economic interest in the performance of the former Carolina Group. The Loews Group consisted of all of Loews's assets and liabilities other than those allocated to the former Carolina Group, including an approximately 38% economic interest in the former Carolina Group.


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Parent Company Structure

We are a holding company and derive substantially all of our cash flow from our subsidiaries. We rely upon our invested cash balances and distributions from our subsidiaries to generate the funds necessary to meet our obligations and to declare and pay any dividends to our stockholders. The ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends is subject to, among other things, the availability of sufficient funds in such subsidiaries, applicable state laws, including in the case of the insurance subsidiaries of CNA, laws and rules governing the payment of dividends by regulated insurance companies (see Liquidity and Capital Resources - CNA Financial, below). Claims of creditors of our subsidiaries will generally have priority as to the assets of such subsidiaries over our claims and those of our creditors and shareholders.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, applied on a consistent basis. We continually evaluate the accounting policies and estimates used to prepare the Consolidated Financial Statements. In general, our estimates are based on historical experience, evaluation of current trends, information from third party professionals and various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the known facts and circumstances.

We consider the accounting policies discussed below to be critical to an understanding of our Consolidated Financial Statements as their application places the most significant demands on our judgment. Due to the inherent uncertainties involved with this type of judgment, actual results could differ significantly from estimates and may have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and/or equity.

Insurance Reserves

Insurance reserves are established for both short and long-duration insurance contracts. Short-duration contracts are primarily related to property and casualty insurance policies where the reserving process is based on actuarial estimates of the amount of loss, including amounts for known and unknown claims. Long-duration contracts typically include traditional life insurance, payout annuities and long term care products and are estimated using actuarial estimates about mortality, morbidity and persistency as well as assumptions about expected investment returns. The reserve for unearned premiums on property and casualty and accident and health contracts represents the portion of premiums written related to the unexpired terms of coverage. The inherent risks associated with the reserving process are discussed in the Reserves - Estimates and Uncertainties section below.

Reinsurance

Amounts recoverable from reinsurers are estimated in a manner consistent with claim and claim adjustment expense reserves or future policy benefits reserves and are reported as receivables in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The ceding of insurance does not discharge CNA of its primary liability under insurance contracts written by CNA. An exposure exists with respect to property and casualty and life reinsurance ceded to the extent that any reinsurer is unable to meet its obligations or disputes the liabilities assumed under reinsurance agreements. An estimated allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded on the basis of periodic evaluations of balances due from reinsurers, reinsurer solvency, CNA's past experience and current economic conditions. Further information on CNA's reinsurance program is included in Note 19 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 8.

Litigation

We and our subsidiaries are involved in various legal proceedings that have arisen during the ordinary course of business. We evaluate the facts and circumstances of each situation, and when management determines it necessary, a liability is estimated and recorded. Please read Note 21 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 8.


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations
Critical Accounting Estimates - (Continued)

Valuation of Investments and Impairment of Securities

Invested assets are exposed to various risks, such as interest rate, market and credit risks. Due to the level of risk associated with certain invested assets and the level of uncertainty related to changes in the fair value of these assets, it is possible that changes in risks in the near term could have an adverse material impact on our results of operations or equity.

CNA's investment portfolio is subject to market declines below amortized cost that may be other-than-temporary. A significant judgment in the valuation of investments is the determination of when an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred. CNA has an Impairment Committee, which reviews the investment portfolio on at least a quarterly basis, with ongoing analysis as new information becomes available. Any decline that is determined to be other-than-temporary is recorded as an other-than-temporary impairment loss in the results of operations in the period in which the determination occurred. Further information on CNA's process for evaluating impairments is included in Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 8.

Securities in the parent company's investment portfolio that are not part of its cash management activities are classified as trading securities in order to reflect our investment philosophy. These investments are carried at fair value with the net unrealized gain or loss included in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Long Term Care Products

Reserves and deferred acquisition costs for CNA's long term care products are based on certain assumptions including morbidity, policy persistency and interest rates. The recoverability of deferred acquisition costs and the adequacy of the reserves are contingent on actual experience related to these key assumptions and other factors such as future health care cost trends. If actual experience differs from these assumptions, the deferred acquisition costs may not be fully realized and the reserves may not be adequate, requiring CNA to add to reserves, or take unfavorable development. Therefore, our financial results could be adversely impacted.

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Obligations

We are required to make a significant number of assumptions in order to estimate the liabilities and costs related to our pension and postretirement benefit obligations to employees under our benefit plans. The assumptions that have the most impact on pension costs are the discount rate, the expected return on plan assets and the rate of compensation increases. These assumptions are evaluated relative to current market factors such as inflation, interest rates and fiscal and monetary policies. Changes in these assumptions can have a material impact on pension obligations and pension expense.

In determining the discount rate assumption, we utilized current market information and liability information, including a discounted cash flow analysis of our pension and postretirement obligations. In particular, the basis for our discount rate selection was the yield on indices of highly rated fixed income debt securities with durations comparable to that of our plan liabilities. The yield curve was applied to expected future retirement plan payments to adjust the discount rate to reflect the cash flow characteristics of the plans. The yield curves and indices evaluated in the selection of the discount rate are comprised of high quality corporate bonds that are rated AA by an accepted rating agency.

The Company recorded a benefit of $1 million in 2008 for the pension and other postretirement benefit plans. Based on current assumptions, the expected expense for the 2009 pension and other postretirement benefit plans is $64 million.

Further information on our pension and postretirement benefit obligations is included in Note 18 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 8.

Valuation of HighMount's Proved Reserves

HighMount follows the full cost method of accounting for natural gas and oil exploration and production ("E&P") activities prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Under the full cost method, all direct costs of property acquisition, exploration and development activities are capitalized and subsequently depleted using the units-of-production method. The depletable base of costs includes estimated future costs to be incurred in developing proved natural gas and natural gas liquids ("NGLs") reserves, as well as capitalized asset retirement costs, net of projected


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations Critical Accounting Estimates - (Continued)

salvage values. Capitalized costs in the depletable base are subject to a ceiling test prescribed by the SEC. The test limits capitalized amounts to a ceiling † the present value of estimated future net revenues to be derived from the production of proved natural gas and NGL reserves, assuming period-end pricing adjusted for any cash flow hedges in place. If net capitalized costs exceed the ceiling test at the end of any quarterly period, then a permanent write-down of the assets must be recognized in that period. A write-down may not be reversed in future periods, even though higher natural gas and NGL prices may subsequently increase the ceiling. HighMount performs the ceiling test quarterly. At December 31, 2008, total capitalized costs exceeded the ceiling and HighMount recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $691 million ($440 million after tax) related to the carrying value of natural gas and oil properties, as discussed further in Note 8 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 8. In addition, gains or losses on the sale or other disposition of natural gas and NGL properties are not recognized unless the gain or loss would significantly alter the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves.

HighMount's estimate of proved reserves requires a high degree of judgment and is dependent on factors such as historical data, engineering estimates of proved reserve quantities, estimates of the amount and timing of future expenditures to develop the proved reserves, and estimates of future production from the proved reserves. HighMount's estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, are based upon studies for each of HighMount's properties prepared by HighMount staff engineers. Calculations were prepared using standard geological and engineering methods generally accepted by the petroleum industry and in accordance with SEC guidelines. Ryder Scott Company, L.P., an independent third party petroleum engineering consulting firm, has audited HighMount's proved reserve estimates in accordance with the Standards Pertaining to the Estimating and Auditing of Oil and Gas Reserves Information promulgated by the Society of Petroleum Engineers. Given the volatility of natural gas and NGL prices, it is possible that HighMount's estimate of discounted future net cash flows from proved natural gas and NGL reserves that is used to calculate the ceiling could materially change in the near term.

The process to estimate reserves is imprecise, and estimates are subject to revision. If there is a significant variance in any of HighMount's estimates or assumptions in the future and revisions to the value of HighMount's proved reserves are necessary, related depletion expense and the calculation of the ceiling test would be affected and recognition of natural gas and NGL property impairments could occur. See Note 8 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 8.

Goodwill

Management must apply judgment in determining the estimated fair value of its reporting units' goodwill for purposes of performing impairment tests. Management uses all available information to make these fair value determinations, including the present values of expected future cash flows using discount rates commensurate with the risks involved in the assets and observed market multiples. Goodwill is required to be evaluated on an annual basis and whenever, in management's judgment, there is a significant change in circumstances that would be considered a triggering event.

Income Taxes

We account for taxes under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the financial statement and tax return bases of assets and liabilities. Any resulting future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that realization of such benefits is more likely than not, and a valuation allowance is established for any portion of a deferred tax asset that management believes may not be realized. The assessment of the need for a valuation allowance requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future earnings, reversal of existing temporary differences and available tax planning strategies. If actual experience differs from these estimates and assumptions, the recorded deferred tax asset may not be fully realized resulting in an increase to income tax expense in our results of operations. In addition, the ability to record deferred tax assets in the future could be limited resulting in a higher effective tax rate in that future period.


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS BY BUSINESS SEGMENT

CNA Financial

Insurance operations are conducted by subsidiaries of CNA Financial Corporation ("CNA"). CNA is a 90% owned subsidiary.

CNA's core property and casualty commercial insurance operations are reported in two business segments: Standard Lines and Specialty Lines. Standard Lines includes standard property and casualty coverages sold to small businesses and middle market entities and organizations in the U.S. primarily through an independent agency distribution system. Standard Lines also includes commercial insurance and risk management products sold to large corporations in the U.S. primarily through insurance brokers. Specialty Lines provides a broad array of professional, financial and specialty property and casualty products and services, including excess and surplus lines, primarily through insurance brokers and managing general underwriters. Specialty Lines also includes insurance coverages sold globally through CNA's foreign operations ("CNA Global").

The Life & Group Non-Core segment primarily includes the results of the life and group lines of business that have either been sold or placed in run-off. CNA continues to service its existing individual long term care commitments, payout of its annuity business and its pension deposit business. CNA also manages a block of group reinsurance and life settlement contracts. These businesses are being managed as a run-off operation. CNA's group long term care business, while considered non-core, continues to be actively marketed. During 2008, CNA exited the indexed group annuity portion of its pension deposit business.

Other Insurance primarily includes certain corporate expenses, including interest on corporate debt, and the results of certain property and casualty business primarily in run-off, including CNA Re. This segment also includes the results related to the centralized adjusting and settlement of A&E claims.

Reserves - Estimates and Uncertainties

CNA maintains reserves to cover its estimated ultimate unpaid liability for claim and claim adjustment expenses, including the estimated cost of the claims adjudication process, for claims that have been reported but not yet settled ("case reserves") and claims that have been incurred but not reported ("IBNR"). Claim and claim adjustment expense reserves are reflected as liabilities and are included on the Consolidated Balance Sheets under the heading "Insurance Reserves." Adjustments to prior year reserve estimates, if necessary, are . . .

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