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| TNL > SEC Filings for TNL > Form 10-K on 24-Feb-2009 | All Recent SEC Filings |
24-Feb-2009
Annual Report
Introduction
This discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations as well as other sections of this report contain certain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the risks faced by us described in the "Risk Factors" section of this report on pages 9 through 16.
Overview
We are a global producer of precision-engineered electronic components and electrical contact products and materials. We believe we are a leading global producer of these products and materials in the primary markets we serve based on our estimates of the annual revenues of our primary markets and our share of those markets relative to our competitors.
We currently operate our business in two segments:
• our Electronic Components Group, which we refer to as Electronics and is known as Pulse in its markets, and
• our Electrical Contact Products Group, which we refer to as Electrical and is known as AMI Doduco in its markets.
General. We define net sales as gross sales less returns and allowances. We sometimes refer to net sales as revenue.
Historically, the gross margin at Electronics has been significantly higher than at Electrical. As a result, the mix of net sales generated by Electronics and Electrical during a period affects our consolidated gross margin. Our gross margin is also affected by acquisitions, product mix within each segment and capacity utilization. Electrical's gross margin is also affected by prices of precious and non-precious metals, which are passed through to customers at varying margins. Electronics' markets are characterized by relatively short product life cycles compared to those of our Electrical segment. As a result, significant product turnover occurs each year in Electronics. Electrical has a relatively long-lived and mature product line that has less turnover and less frequent variation in the prices of products sold relative to Electronics. Many of Electrical's products are sold under annual (or longer) purchase contracts. Therefore, Electrical's revenues historically have not been subject to significant price fluctuations. However, changes in unit volume and unit prices will affect our net sales and gross margin from period to period. Additionally, due to the constantly changing quantity of part numbers we offer and frequent changes in our average selling prices, we cannot isolate the impact of changes in unit volume and unit prices on our net sales and gross margin in any given period. Also, changes in foreign exchange rates, especially the U.S. dollar to the euro, the U.S. dollar to the Chinese renminbi and the U.S. dollar to the Danish krone affect U.S. dollar reported sales.
We believe our focus on acquisitions, technology and cost reduction programs provide us opportunities for future growth in net sales and operating profit. However, unfavorable economic and market conditions may result in a reduction in demand for our products, thus negatively impacting our financial performance.
Acquisitions. Acquisitions have been an important part of our growth strategy. In many cases, our moves into new product lines and extensions of our existing product lines or markets have been facilitated by acquisitions. Our acquisitions continually change the mix of our net sales. We have made numerous acquisitions in recent years which have broadened our product offerings in new or existing markets. For example, Sonion was acquired in February 2008. Sonion was headquartered in Roskilde, Denmark and produces microacoustic transducers and electromechanical components used in hearing instruments and medical devices and speakers and receivers used in mobile communication devices. Also, we purchased the assets of Larsen in December 2006. Larsen was headquartered in Vancouver, Washington and manufactures advanced antenna systems for non-cellular wireless and automotive applications. In addition, ERA was acquired in January 2006.ERA was based in Herrenberg, Germany and was a leading producer of electronic coils and transformers primarily for the European automotive, heating/ventilation/air conditioning and appliance markets. We may pursue additional acquisition opportunities in the future.
Divestitures. On February 23, 2009, we announced our intentions to explore monetization alternatives with respect to our Electrical segment. A disposition, if consummated, may be in whole or in part. This process is in an early exploratory phase as there is no requirement or immediate need to commence or complete any transaction or series of transactions. While this process is pending, Electrical will operate normally in all aspects. In 2008, we announced a plan to sell of Electronics' non-core microelectromechanical systems ("MEMS") microphone business which was purchased ancillary to the Sonion acquisition. We have reflected the results of the MEMS operation as a discontinued operation in our 2008 consolidated financial statements. Also, in 2006, the remaining fixed assets of Electrical's previously divested bimetal and metal cladding operations were sold, resulting in a $0.6 million gain.
Technology. Our products must change along with changes in technology, availability and price of raw materials, design and preferences of the end users of our products. Regulatory requirements also impact the design and functionality of our products. We address these conditions by continuing to invest in product development and by maintaining a diverse product portfolio which contains both mature and emerging technologies in order to meet customer demands.
Management Focus. Our executives focus on a number of important factors in evaluating our financial condition and operating performance. For example, we use revenue growth, gross profit as a percentage of revenue, operating profit as a percent of revenue and economic profit as performance measures. We define economic profit as after-tax operating profit less our cost of capital. Operating leverage or incremental operating profit as a percentage of incremental sales is also reviewed, as this is believed to reflect the benefit of absorbing fixed overhead and operating expenses. In evaluating working capital management, liquidity and cash flow, our executives also use performance measures such as days sales outstanding, days payable outstanding, inventory turnover, cash conversion efficiency and free cash flow. Additionally, as the continued success of our business is largely dependent on meeting and exceeding our customers' expectations, non-financial performance measures relating to product development, on-time delivery and quality assist our management in monitoring customer satisfaction on an on-going basis.
Cost Reduction Programs. As a result of our focus on both economic and operating profit, we continue to aggressively size both segments so that costs are optimally matched to current and anticipated future revenues and unit demand. The amounts of future expenses associated with these actions will depend on specific actions taken. Actions taken over the past several years such as plant closures, plant relocations, asset impairments and reduction in personnel at certain locations have resulted in the elimination of a variety of costs. The majority of these eliminated costs represent the annual salaries and benefits of terminated employees, including both those related to manufacturing and those providing selling, general and administrative services. The eliminated costs also include depreciation savings from disposed equipment, rental payments from the termination of lease agreements and amortization savings from the impairment of identifiable intangible assets. We have also reduced overhead costs as a result of relocating factories to lower-cost locations. Savings from these actions will impact cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses, however, the timing of such savings may not be apparent due to many factors such as unanticipated changes in demand, changes in unit selling prices, operational inefficiencies or other changes in operating strategies.
During the year ended December 26, 2008, we incurred a charge of $15.0 million for a number of cost reduction actions. These accruals include severance and related payments and other associated costs of $5.5 million resulting from the termination of manufacturing and support personnel at Electronics' operations primarily in Asia, Europe and North America, $1.3 million of severance and related payments resulting from the termination of manufacturing and support personnel at Electrical and $4.1 million of other costs primarily resulting from the transfer of manufacturing operations from Europe and North Africa to Asia. Additionally, we recorded fixed asset impairments of $3.6 million and $0.5 million at Electronics and Electrical, respectively.
During the year ended December 28, 2007, we incurred a charge of $18.0 million for a number of cost reduction actions. These accruals include severance and related payments of $10.6 million resulting from the termination of manufacturing and support personnel at Electronics' operations in Asia, Europe and North America, $0.4 million related to the termination of manufacturing and support personnel at Electrical's operations in Europe and $5.5 million for the write down of certain Electronics' fixed assets to their disposal values. Additionally, we incurred approximately $1.5 million of other plant closure, relocation and similar costs associated with these actions.
During the year ended December 29, 2006, we incurred a charge of $8.8 million for a number of actions to streamline operations at Electronics and Electrical. These include severance and related payments to manufacturing and support personnel at Electronics of $5.2 million, $1.6 million for severance and related payments to manufacturing and support personnel at Electrical, $1.6 million for the write down of certain Electronics' fixed assets to their disposal values and $0.4 million of other plant closure, relocation and similar costs associated with these activities.
International Operations. As of December 26, 2008, we had manufacturing operations in seven countries and had significant net sales in U.S. dollar, euro and Chinese renminbi. A majority of our sales in recent years has been outside of the United States. Changing exchange rates often impact our financial results and our period-over-period comparisons. This is particularly true of movements in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the renminbi, the U.S. dollar and the euro, the U.S. dollar and the Danish krone and each of these and other foreign currencies relative to each other, especially the euro and renminbi. Sales and net earnings denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may result in higher or lower dollar sales and net earnings upon translation for our U.S. consolidated financial statements. Electrical's European operations are denominated primarily in euro. Certain divisions of Electronics' wireless, medical technology and power groups' sales are denominated primarily in euro and renminbi. Net earnings may also be affected by the mix of sales and expenses by currency within each division. We may also experience a positive or negative translation adjustment to equity because our investments in our non-U.S. dollar-functional subsidiaries may translate to more or less in U.S. dollars for our U.S. consolidated financial statements. For example, during the year ended December 26, 2008, we experienced a negative translation adjustment of approximately $69.0 million. Foreign currency gains or losses may also be incurred when non-functional currency-denominated transactions are remeasured to an operation's functional currency for financial reporting purposes. If a higher percentage of our transactions are denominated in non-U.S. currencies, increased exposure to currency fluctuations may result.
In order to reduce our exposure to currency fluctuations, we may purchase currency exchange forward contracts and/or currency options. These contracts guarantee a predetermined range of exchange rates at the time the contract is purchased. This allows us to shift the majority of the risk of currency fluctuations from the date of the contract to a third party for a fee. In determining the use of forward exchange contracts and currency options, we consider the amount of sales, purchases and net assets or liabilities denominated in local currencies, the type of currency, and the costs associated with the contracts. During 2008, we utilized two forward contracts in order to hedge our purchase price and the related debt of Sonion. Both of these forward contracts were settled on the Sonion acquisition date, resulting in a $6.0 million net foreign exchange gain. At December 26, 2008, we had twelve foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding to sell forward approximately $12.0 million U.S. dollars to receive Danish krone, and eight foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding to sell forward approximately 8.0 million euro, or approximately $11.3 million, to receive Chinese renminbi. The fair value of these forward contracts was $0.1 million as determined through use of Level 2 inputs as defined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements ("SFAS 157"). These contracts are used to mitigate the risk of currency fluctuations at our Polish, Danish and Chinese operations.
Precious Metals. Our Electrical segment uses silver and other precious metals in manufacturing some of its electrical contacts, contact materials and contact subassemblies. Historically, we have leased or held these materials through consignment-type arrangements with our suppliers. Leasing and consignment costs have typically been lower than the costs to borrow funds to purchase the metals and, more importantly, these arrangements eliminate the effects of fluctuations in the market price of owned precious metal and enable us to minimize our inventories. Electrical's terms of sale generally allow us to charge customers for precious metal content based on the market value of precious metal on the day after shipment to the customer. Our suppliers invoice us based on the market value of the precious metal on the day after shipment to the customer as well. Thus far, we have been successful in managing the costs associated with our precious metals. While limited amounts are purchased for use in production, the majority of our precious metal inventory continues to be leased or held on consignment. If our leasing or consignment costs increase significantly in a short period of time, and we are unable to recover these increased costs through higher sales prices, a negative impact on our results of operations and liquidity may result. Leasing and consignment fee increases are primarily caused by increases in interest rates or volatility in the price of the consigned material.
Income Taxes. Our effective income tax rate is affected by the proportion of our income earned in high-tax jurisdictions such as those among many countries in Europe and the U.S. and income earned in low-tax jurisdictions, such as Hong Kong, Vietnam and the PRC. This mix of income can vary significantly from one period to another. Additionally, our effective income tax rate will be impacted from period to period by significant transactions and the deductibility of severance, impairment, financing and other associated costs. We have benefited over the years from favorable tax incentives and other tax policies, however, there is no guarantee as to how long these benefits will continue to exist. Also, changes in operations, tax legislation, estimates, judgments and forecasts may affect our tax rate from period to period.
Except in limited circumstances, we have not provided for U.S. income and foreign withholding taxes on our non-U.S. subsidiaries' undistributed earnings as per Accounting Principles Board ("APB") Opinion No. 23, Accounting for Income Taxes - Special Areas ("APB 23"). Such earnings may include pre-acquisition earnings of foreign entities acquired through stock purchases, and, with the exception of approximately $40.0 million, are intended to be reinvested outside of the U.S. indefinitely.
Business Outlook
Recent adverse developments in the financial markets and the dramatic contractions in the global economy have increased our exposure to possible liquidity impairment and credit risks. We are exposed to market risk resulting from changes in prices of commodities, such as precious and non-precious metals, fuel and plastic resins. To the extent we cannot transfer these costs to our customers, fluctuations in commodity prices will impact our gross margin and available cash. We are also exposed to financial risk resulting from changes in interest and foreign currency rates.
Considering the issues mentioned above, as well as other risks inherent in our business, we believe we have ample liquidity to fund our business requirements. This belief is based on our current balances of cash and cash equivalents, our history of positive cash flows from operations, including $71.5 million for the year ended December 26, 2008, and access to our multi-currency credit facility. We did not experience any limitations in our ability to access funds during 2008. However, given the rapid deterioration of customer demand during the final four months of 2008 and the uncertainty of business conditions improving in 2009, we took proactive measures to renegotiate certain covenants in our credit agreement to avoid breaching our covenants in the future. On February 20, 2009, we amended our credit agreement to reset certain covenants to provide us with more flexibility in light of very uncertain operating activity.
Beginning in mid-2008, we implemented a series of actions aimed at increasing future liquidity, improving our operating results and managing a slowdown of demand evident in many end markets. Such actions include:
• price increases across both segments;
• reductions of selling, general and administrative expenses by approximately $20.0 million per year through a combination of furloughs, short work weeks, tightened overall spending controls and reduction in personnel;
• comprehensively re-sized our indirect labor force and production overhead in both segments resulting in approximately $8.0 million of savings per year;
• limiting capital expenditures to an annual rate of approximately 50% of fiscal 2008 levels, focusing spending on projects important to high-growth portions of our product offerings; and
• monetizing assets, including the Electrical segment and MEMS.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires us to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements on pages 48 through 52 describes the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for inventory, purchase accounting, goodwill and identifiable intangibles, income taxes, defined benefit plans, contingency accruals and severance and asset impairment. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The following critical accounting policies that are reviewed by our Audit Committee of our Board of Directors are impacted significantly by judgments, assumptions and estimates used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.
Inventory Valuation. We carry our inventories at lower of cost or market. We establish inventory provisions to write down excess and obsolete inventory to market value. We utilize historical trends and customer forecasts to estimate expected usage of on-hand inventory. The establishment of inventory provisions requires judgments and estimates which may change over time and may cause final amounts to differ materially from original estimates. However, we do not believe that a reasonable change in these assumptions would result in a material impact to our financial statements. In addition, inventory purchases are based upon future demand forecasts estimated by taking into account actual sales of our products over recent historical periods and customer forecasts. If there is a sudden and significant decrease in demand for our products or there is a higher risk of inventory obsolescence because of rapidly changing technology or customer requirements, we may be required to write down our inventory and our gross margin could be negatively affected. However, if we were to sell or use a significant portion of inventory already written down, our gross margin could be positively affected. Inventory provisions at December 26, 2008 and December 28, 2007 were $15.3 million and $12.9 million, respectively.
Purchase Accounting. The purchase price of an acquired business is allocated to the underlying tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their respective fair market values, with the excess recorded as goodwill. Such fair market value assessments require judgments and estimates which may change over time and may cause final amounts to differ materially from original estimates. Adjustments to fair value assessments are recorded to goodwill over the purchase price allocation period which typically does not exceed twelve months.
Goodwill and Identifiable Intangibles. We perform an annual review of goodwill in accordance with the provisions of FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangibles ("SFAS 142"), in our fourth fiscal quarter of each year, or more frequently if indicators of a potential impairment exist, to determine if the carrying amount of our recorded goodwill is impaired. For each reporting unit, the impairment review process compares the fair value of each reporting unit where goodwill resides with its carrying value. If the net book value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, we would perform the second step of the impairment test which requires the allocation of the reporting unit's fair value to all of its assets and liabilities in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation, with any residual fair value being allocated to goodwill. An impairment charge will be recognized only when the implied fair value of a reporting unit's goodwill is less than its carrying amount. We have identified five reporting units, which are our Electrical segment, Electronics' legacy group, including our power and network divisions and excluding FRE, Electronics' wireless group, Electronics' medical technology group and FRE.
Our 2008 review incorporated both an income and a comparable-companies market approach to estimate any potential impairment. The income approach is based on estimating future cash flows using various growth assumptions and discounting based on a present value factor. We develop the future net cash flows during our annual budget process, which is generally completed in our fourth fiscal quarter each year. The growth rates we use are an estimate of the future growth in the industries in which we participate. Our discount rate assumption is based on an estimated cost of capital, which we determine annually based on our estimated costs of debt and equity relative to our capital structure.
The comparable-companies market approach considers the trading multiples of peer companies to compute our estimated fair value. We believe the use of multiple valuation techniques results in a more accurate indicator of the fair value of each reporting unit, rather than only using the income approach as we had done in prior years. We, as well as substantially all of the comparable companies utilized in our evaluation, are included in the Dow Jones U.S. Electrical Components and Equipment Industry Group Index.
As a result of our 2008 review, we recorded a pre-tax goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment of $254.7 million. Refer to Note 5 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
The determination of the fair value of the reporting units and the allocation of that value to the individual assets and liabilities within those reporting units requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, the selection of the appropriate discount rate, terminal growth rates, forecasted net cash flows, appropriate peer group companies and control premiums appropriate for acquisitions in the industries in which we compete. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making these estimates, actual findings could differ from those estimates. Changes in assumptions concerning projected financial results or any of the other underlying assumptions would have a significant impact on either the fair value of the reporting unit or the amount of the goodwill impairment charge. Additionally, significant changes in any of these estimates or assumptions in the future may result in a future impairment. Changes in key assumptions would affect the recognized goodwill impairment as follows (in millions, except assumption percentages):
Increase 100 Decrease 100
Assumption Basis points Basis points
----------- -------------- --------------
Discount rate 21.5 % $ 8.1 $ (8.9 )
Terminal growth rate 3.0 % $ (4.9 ) $ 4.5
Control premium 25.0 % $ 0.8 $ (0.8 )
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In accordance with FASB Statement No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets ("SFAS 144"), we assess the impairment of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important that could trigger an impairment review, include significant changes in the use of any asset, a significant decline in the price of our common stock, changes in projected operating performance and significant negative economic trends.
During the fourth quarter of 2008, we recorded a pre-tax finite-lived intangible impairment of $55.7 million. Refer to Note 5 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Assigning useful lives and periodically reassessing the remaining useful lives of intangible assets is predicated on various assumptions. Also, the fair values of our intangible assets are impacted by factors such as changing technology, declines in demand that lead to excess capacity and other factors. In addition to the various assumptions, judgments and estimates mentioned above, we may strategically realign our resources and consider restructuring,
disposing of, or otherwise exiting businesses in response to changes in industry or market conditions, which may result in an impairment of goodwill or other intangibles. While we believe the estimates and assumptions used in determining the fair value of goodwill and identifiable assets are reasonable, a change in those assumptions could affect their valuation.
Income Taxes. We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, income tax expense/benefit is recognized for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and for deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in an entity's financial statements or tax returns. We must make assumptions, judgments and estimates to determine our current provision for . . .
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