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TRMB > SEC Filings for TRMB > Form 10-K on 23-Feb-2007All Recent SEC Filings

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Form 10-K for TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LTD /CA/


23-Feb-2007

Annual Report


Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and those listed under "Risks Factors."

EXECUTIVE LEVEL OVERVIEW

Trimble's focus is on combining positioning technology with wireless communication and application capabilities to create system-level solutions that enhance productivity and accuracy for our customers. The majority of our markets are end-user markets, including engineering and construction firms, governmental organizations, public safety workers, farmers and companies who must manage fleets of mobile workers and assets. In our Advanced Devices segment, we also provide components to original equipment manufacturers to incorporate into their products. In the end user markets, we provide a system that includes a hardware platform that may contain software and customer support. Some examples of our solutions include products that automate and simplify the process of surveying land, products that automate the utilization of equipment such as tractors and bulldozers, products that enable a company to manage its mobile workforce and assets, and products that allow municipalities to manage their fixed assets.

Solutions targeted at the end-user make up a significant majority of our revenue. To create compelling products, we must attain an understanding of the end users' needs and work flow, and how location-based technology can enable that end user to work faster, more efficiently and more accurately. We use this knowledge to create highly innovative products that change the way work is done by the end-user. With the exception of our TMS segment, our products are generally sold through a dealer channel, and it is crucial that we maintain a proficient global, third-party distribution channel.

During 2006 we continued to execute our strategy with a series of actions that can be summarized in four categories.

Reinforcing our position in existing markets

Generally, we believe that our markets provide us with additional, substantial potential for substituting our technology for traditional methods. In 2006 we continued to develop new products and to strengthen our distribution channels to realize these opportunities. A number of new products such as Trimble S6, Trimble SPS700 Robotic Construction Total Station and the enhanced Trimble GCS900 Grade Control System strengthened our competitive position and created new value for the user.

Extend our position in existing markets through new product categories

We are utilizing the strength of the Trimble brand in our markets to expand our revenues by bringing new products to existing users. A 2006 example was the introduction of the AgGPS EZ-Boom 2010 product. In order to create new categories of products on the construction site we acquired Quantm, Meridian, XYZ Solutions, and Bitwyse.

Bring existing technology to new markets

* We continue to reinforce our position in existing markets and positioned ourselves in newer markets that will serve as important sources of future growth. Our efforts in China, India, Russia, Korea and Eastern Europe all reflected improving financial results, with the promise of more in the future.

Entered completely new markets

In fiscal 2006 we acquired Visual Statement, which provides desktop software tools for crime and collision incident investigation, analysis, and reconstitution as well as state-wide enterprise solutions for reporting and analysis used by public safety agencies, and Eleven Technology, Inc., which is a mobile application software company with a leading position in the Consumer Packaged Goods industry. In addition, we increased our reach with existing products in new markets, particularly emerging markets such as China and India.


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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Our accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make judgments, assumptions, and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We consider the accounting polices described below to be our critical accounting polices. These critical accounting policies are impacted significantly by judgments, assumptions, and estimates used in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements, and actual results could differ materially from the amounts reported based on these policies.

Revenue Recognition

Our revenues are recorded in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC) Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, "Revenue Recognition" and in accordance with Statement of Position (SOP) No. 97-2, "Software Revenue Recognition" and Statement of Position (SOP) No. 98-9, "Modification of SOP 97-2". The Company recognizes product revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. In instances where final acceptance of the product is specified by the customer or is uncertain, revenue is deferred until all acceptance criteria have been met.

Contracts and customer purchase orders are typically used to determine the existence of an arrangement. Shipping documents and customer acceptance, when applicable, are used to verify delivery. We assess whether the fee is fixed or determinable based on the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment. We assess collectibility based primarily on the creditworthiness of the customer as determined by credit checks and analysis, as well as the customer's payment history.

Our shipment terms for US orders, and international orders fulfilled from its European distribution center are typically FCA (Free Carrier) shipping point, except certain sales to US government agencies which are shipped FOB destination. FCA shipping point means that we fulfill the obligation and title has passed to the buyer upon delivery of the goods to the carrier named by the buyer at the named place or point. If no precise point is indicated by the buyer, we may choose within the place or range stipulated where the carrier will take the goods into carrier's charge. FOB destination means revenue for orders are not recognized until the product is delivered and title has transferred to the buyer. We bear all costs and risks of loss or damage to the goods up to that point. Shipping and handling costs are included in the cost of goods sold.

Revenue to distributors and resellers is recognized upon delivery, assuming all other criteria for revenue recognition have been met. Distributors and resellers do not have a right of return.

Revenues from purchased extended warranty and support agreements are deferred and recognized ratably over the term of the warranty/support period.

We apply Statement of Position (SOP) No. 97-2, "Software Revenue Recognition" to products where the embedded software is more than incidental to the functionality of the hardware. This determination requires significant judgment including a consideration of factors such as marketing, research and development efforts and any postcustomer contract support relating to the embedded software.

In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue 00-21, "Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables," when a non-software sale involves multiple elements the entire fee from the arrangement is allocated to each respective element based on its relative fair value and recognized when revenue recognition criteria for each element are met.

Our software arrangements generally consist of a perpetual license fee and post contract customer support (PCS). We have established vendor-specific objective evidence (VSOE) of fair value for our PCS contracts based on the renewal rate. The remaining value of the software arrangement is allocated to the license fee using the residual method, which revenue is primarily recognized when the software has been delivered and there are no remaining obligations. Revenue from PCS is recognized ratably over the term of the PCS agreement.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Sales Returns

Our accounts receivable balance, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, was $172.0 million as of December 29, 2006, compared with $145.1 million as of December 30, 2005. We evaluate the collectibility of our trade accounts receivable based on a number of factors such as age of the accounts receivable balances, credit quality, historical experience, and current economic conditions that may affect a customer's ability to pay. In circumstances where we are aware of a specific customer's inability to meet its financial obligations to us, a specific allowance for bad debts is estimated and recorded which reduces the recognized receivable to the estimated amount we believe will ultimately be collected. In addition to specific customer identification of potential bad debts, bad debt charges are recorded based on our recent past loss history and an overall assessment of past due trade accounts receivable amounts outstanding.


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A reserve for sales returns is established based on historical trends in product return rates experienced in the ordinary course of business. The reserve for sales returns as of December 29, 2006 and December 30, 2005 were $900,000 and $1.5 million, respectively, for estimated future returns that were recorded as a reduction of our accounts receivable and revenue. If the actual future returns were to deviate from the historical data on which the reserve had been established, our revenue could be adversely affected.

Inventory Valuation

Our inventories, net balance was $112.6 million as of December 29, 2006 compared with $107.9 million as of December 30, 2005. Our inventory allowances as of December 29, 2006 were $28.6 million, compared with $23.2 million as of December 30, 2005. Our inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with costs primarily computed on a standard cost basis. Adjustments to reduce the cost of inventory to its net realizable value, if required, are made for estimated excess, obsolescence, or impaired inventory. Factors influencing these adjustments include decline in demand, technological changes, product life cycle and development plans, component cost trends, product pricing, physical deterioration, and quality issues. If actual factors are less favorable than those projected by us, additional inventory write-downs may be required.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the liability method whereby deferred tax assets or liability account balances are calculated at the balance sheet date using current tax laws and rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not such assets will not be realized.

The company's valuation allowance is attributable to, primarily, the California Research Credit and acquisition Net Operating Loss carryforwards. Valuation allowance amounts are offsets to related deferred tax assets. Management believes that it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize these deferred tax assets and, accordingly, a valuation allowance has been established for such amounts. When the tax credits are utilized and the valuation allowance is released, the benefit of the release of the valuation allowance will be accounted for as a credit to shareholder's equity rather than as a reduction of the income tax provision.

Annual Goodwill Impairment Test

Goodwill as of December 29, 2006 was $374.5 million, compared with $286.1 million as of December 30, 2005. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is subjective and requires significant assumptions. If an evaluation is required, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows associated with these assets would be compared to their carrying amount to determine if a write-down to fair market value or discounted cash flow value is required.

We performed an annual impairment test of goodwill at the end of the third fiscal quarter of 2006 and 2005 and found there was no impairment of goodwill. We will continue to evaluate our goodwill for impairment on an annual basis at the end of each fiscal third quarter and whenever events and changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The determination of the net carrying value of goodwill and the extent to which, if any, there is impairment are dependent on material estimates and judgments on our part, including the useful life over which the intangible assets are to be amortized, and the estimates of the value of future net cash flows, which are based upon further estimates of future revenues, expenses and operating income.

Accounting for Long-Lived Assets Including Intangibles Subject to Amortization

Depreciation and amortization of our long-lived assets is provided using straight-line methods over their estimated useful lives. Changes in circumstances such as technological advances, changes to our business model, or changes in the capital strategy could result in the actual useful lives differing from initial estimates. In those cases where we determine that the useful life of a long-lived asset should be revised, we will depreciate the net book value in excess of the estimated residual value over its revised remaining useful life. Factors such as changes in the planned use of equipment, customer attrition, contractual amendments, or mandated regulatory requirements could result in shortened useful lives.


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Long-lived assets and asset groups are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. The estimated future cash flows are based upon, among other things, assumptions about expected future operating performance and may differ from actual cash flows. Long-lived assets evaluated for impairment are grouped with other assets to the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. If the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows (excluding interest) is less than the carrying value of the assets, the assets will be written down to the estimated fair value in the period in which the determination is made.

Warranty Costs

The liability for product warranties was $8.6 million as of December 29, 2006, compared with $7.5 million as of December 30, 2005. We accrue for warranty costs as part of cost of sales based on associated material product costs, technical support labor costs, and costs incurred by third parties performing work on our behalf. Our expected future cost is primarily estimated based upon historical trends in the volume of product returns within the warranty period and the cost to repair or replace the equipment. The products sold are generally covered by a warranty for periods ranging from 90 days to three years, and in some instances up to 5.5 years.

While we engage in extensive product quality programs and processes, including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of our component suppliers, our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, material usage, and service delivery costs incurred in correcting a product failure. Should actual product failure rates, material usage, or service delivery costs differ from our estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty accrual and related costs may be required.

Stock Compensation

We apply Standard of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 123(R), "Share-Based Payment" ("SFAS 123(R)") and related interpretations in accounting for our stock option plans and stock purchase plan for fiscal 2006. As a result, the Company's financial statements for fiscal 2006 include stock-based compensation expenses that are not comparable to financial statements prior to fiscal 2006. Prior to fiscal 2006, we applied Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" (APB 25) and related interpretations in accounting for our stock option plans and stock purchase plan. Accordingly, we did not recognize compensation cost for stock options granted at a price equal to fair market value prior to fiscal 2006.

For options granted prior to October 1, 2005, the fair value for these options was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. For stock options granted on or after October 1, 2005, the fair value of each award is estimated on the date of grant using a binomial valuation model. Similar to the Black-Scholes model, the binomial model takes into account variables such as volatility, dividend yield rate, and risk free interest rate. In addition, the binomial model incorporates actual option-pricing behavior. For these reasons, we believe that the binomial model provides a fair value that is more representative of actual experience and future expected experience than the value calculated using the Black-Scholes model.

Note 14 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements describes the
plans we operate, and Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements contains a summary of the effects to reported net income and earnings per share for fiscal 2006, and pro forma net income and earnings per share for fiscal 2005 and 2004 as if we had elected to recognize compensation cost based on the fair value of the options granted at grant date.

RECENT BUSINESS DEVELOPMENTS

@Road, Inc.

On February 16, 2007, we acquired @Road, Inc. of Fremont, California. @Road, Inc. is a global provider of solutions designed to automate the management of mobile resources and to optimize the service delivery process for customers across a variety of industries. @Road will be reported within our Mobile Solutions business segment. This acquisition was the largest in acquisition value in the company's history. It significantly increases our presence in the mobile resource management, or MRM, market which Trimble believes is a large and fast growing market.


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* With the addition of @Road, Trimble's TMS segment will be better able to service larger customers, with a broader and more robust solution set.

INPHO GmbH

On February 13, 2007, we acquired INPHO GmbH of Stuttgart, Germany. INPHO is a leader in photogrammetry and digital surface modeling for aerial surveying, mapping and remote sensing applications. INPHO will be reported within Trimble's Engineering and Construction segment.

Spacient Technologies, Inc.

On November 21, 2006, we acquired privately-held Spacient Technologies, Inc. of Long Beach, California. Spacient is a leading provider of enterprise field service management and mobile mapping solutions for municipalities and utilities. Spacient's performance is reported under our Field Solutions business segment.

Meridian Project Systems, Inc.

On November 7, 2006, we acquired privately-held Meridian Project Systems, Inc. of Folsom, California. Meridian provides enterprise project management and lifecycle software for optimizing the plan, build and operate lifecycle for real estate, construction and other physical infrastructure projects. Meridian's performance is reported under our Engineering and Construction business segment.

XYZ Solutions, Inc.

On October 27, 2006, we acquired privately-held XYZ Solutions, Inc., of Alpharetta, Georgia. XYZ Solutions provides real-time, interactive 3D intelligence software to manage the spatial aspects of a construction project. XYZ Solutions' performance is reported under our Engineering and Construction business segment.

Visual Statement, Inc.

On October 11, 2006, we acquired privately-held Visual Statement, Inc. of Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada. Visual Statement provides desktop software tools for crime and collision incident investigation, analysis, and reconstitution as well as state-wide enterprise solutions for reporting and analysis used by public safety agencies. Visual Statement's performance is reported under our Mobile Solutions business segment.

BitWyse Solutions, Inc.

On May 1, 2006, we acquired the assets of privately-held BitWyse Solutions, Inc. of Salem, Massachusetts. BitWyse is a provider of engineering and construction information management software. BitWyse's performance is reported under our Engineering and Construction business segment.

Eleven Technology, Inc.

On April 28, 2006, we acquired privately-held Eleven Technology, Inc. of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Eleven is a mobile application software company with a leading position in the Consumer Packaged Goods industry. Eleven's performance is reported under our Mobile Solutions business segment.

Quantm International, Inc.

On April 5, 2006, we acquired privately-held Quantm International, Inc., a provider of transportation route optimization solutions used for planning highways, railways, pipelines and canals. Quantm's performance is reported under our Engineering and Construction business segment.

XYZs of GPS, Inc.

On February 26, 2006, we acquired the assets of XYZs of GPS, Inc. of Dickerson, Maryland. XYZ develops real-time Global Navigation Satellite System or, GNSS, reference station, integrity monitoring and dynamic positioning software for meter, decimeter and centimeter applications. XYZs' performance is reported under our Engineering and Construction business segment.


Table of Contents

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

The following table is a summary of revenue, gross margin and operating income
for the periods indicated and should be read in conjunction with the narrative
descriptions below.

                                       December 29,     December 30,     December 31,
Fiscal Years Ended                         2006             2005             2004
(Dollars in thousands)

Total consolidated revenue            $      940,150   $      774,913   $      668,808
Gross Margin                          $      461,081   $      389,805   $      324,810
Gross Margin %                               49% (1)               50 %             49 %
Total consolidated operating income   $      135,365   $      124,944   $       85,625
Operating Income %                           14% (1)               16 %             13 %

Basis of Presentation

We have a 52-53 week fiscal year, ending on the Friday nearest to December 31, which for fiscal 2006 was December 29, 2006. Fiscal 2006, 2005, and 2004 were 52-week years.

Revenue

In fiscal 2006, total revenue increased by $165.3 million or 21% to $940.2 million from $774.9 million in fiscal 2005. The increase in fiscal 2006 was primarily due to stronger performances across all our operating segments. The Engineering and Construction, Field Solutions, Mobile Solutions and Advanced Devices segments increased 21%, 9%, 93%, and 13% respectively, compared to fiscal 2005. Revenue growth within these segments was driven by new product introductions, increased penetration of existing markets, and geographical expansion. Mobile Solutions growth in particular benefited from the prior year acquisitions. Overall, 2006 acquisitions impacted total company revenue growth by approximately 2%.

In fiscal 2005, total revenue increased by $106.1 million or 16% to $774.9 million from $668.8 million in fiscal 2004. The increase in fiscal 2005 was primarily due to stronger performances across all our operating segments with the exception of Component Technologies. The Engineering and Construction, Field Solutions and Mobile Solutions segments increased 19%, 21% and 34%, respectively, compared to fiscal 2004. Revenue growth within these segments was driven by new product introductions and increased penetration of existing markets. Both the Engineering and Construction and Mobile Solutions operating segments also benefited from the impact of the Pacific Crest, Apache and MobileTech acquisitions.

* During the 2006 fiscal year, sales to customers in the United States represented 54%, Europe represented 25%, Asia Pacific represented 12% and other regions represented 9% of our total revenues. During the 2005 fiscal year, sales to customers in the United States represented 54%, Europe represented 25%, Asia Pacific represented 11% and other regions represented 10% of our total revenues. We anticipate that sales to international customers will continue to account for a major portion of our revenues.

* No single customer accounted for 10% or more of our total revenues in fiscal 2006, 2005, and 2004. It is possible, however, that in future periods the failure of one or more large customers to purchase products in quantities anticipated by us may adversely affect the results of operations.

Gross Margin

Our gross margin varies due to a number of factors including product mix, pricing, distribution channel used, effects of production volumes, new product start-up costs, and foreign currency translations. In fiscal 2006, our gross margin increased by $71.3 million as compared to fiscal 2005 due to higher revenue and the success of higher margin products, including survey and machine control products and higher subscription revenues. The increase was partially offset by decreases due to the impact of the reclassification of the CTCT transactions of $18.1 million previously recorded in non-operating expenses, amortization of software-related purchased intangibles of $5.2 million and stock-based compensation expense of $1.2 million that were not included in gross margin during the same period in fiscal 2005. Gross margin as a percentage of total revenues was 49% in fiscal 2006 and 50% in fiscal 2005. The 1% decrease in the gross margin percentage was driven by a decrease of 3% due to the CTCT impact, amortization of purchased intangibles and stock-based compensation, offset by an increase of 2% due to higher margin products and subscription revenues.


Table of Contents

In fiscal 2005, our gross margin increased by $65.0 million due to due to higher revenue and success of our market segmentation strategy, higher service revenues, cost reductions, and introduction of higher margin products. Gross margin as a percentage of total revenues was 50 % in fiscal 2005 and 49% in fiscal 2004.

* Because of potential product mix changes within and among the industry markets, market pressures on unit selling prices, fluctuations in unit manufacturing costs, including increases in component prices and other factors, current level gross margins cannot be assured.

Operating Income

Operating income increased by $10.4 million for fiscal 2006 as compared to . . .

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